Allergic Rhinitis, Jackson, 1/23/2013
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Define atopy | IgE mediated immediate hypersensitivity reaction to certain antigens causing rapid vascular leakage, and mucosal secretions, followed by inflammation
🗑
|
||||
| Define immediate hypersensitivity | Vascular and smooth muscles reactions that happen within minutes of reintroduction of antigen to previously sensitized individuals
🗑
|
||||
| Define late-phase hypersensitivity | Mast cell mediators that are cytokines recruit neutrophils and eosinophils to the site of reaction over several hours; Result of tissue injury from repeated bouts of immediate hypersensitivity
🗑
|
||||
| Define allergen | Antigens that elicit immediate hypersensitivity reactions; any atopic individual can be allergic to one or more antigen
🗑
|
||||
| Which cell mediators cause rapid increases in vascular permeability and smooth muscle contractions, causing many symptoms of allergy? | Mast cells
🗑
|
||||
| Antigens bind to B cells which activate | B and T cells in an immune response
🗑
|
||||
| In response to an allergen, Th2 cells stimulate the production of | IgE
🗑
|
||||
| IgE binds to what? | Fc receptor on mast cells
🗑
|
||||
| List the Ig in order of most concentrated to least concentrated in the human body | IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, IgE
🗑
|
||||
| Describe a type 1 allergic reaction | Allergen reacts with Th2 cells instead of Th1 cells to produce IgE. IgE binds to the Fc receptors on mast cells and basophils which causes degranulation
🗑
|
||||
| A high IgE level is caused by | A Th2 helper t cell response
🗑
|
||||
| Which cytokines are important for the increase of IgE and increased mucus production | IL4 and IL13
🗑
|
||||
| What test is used to measure allergen-specific IgE | Immunoassay
🗑
|
||||
| What does IL4 do? | Stimulates B lymphocytes for the allergen to switch to IgE producing plasma cells
🗑
|
||||
| In atopic patients, mast cells are coated with IgE antibodies specific for the antigen they are allergic to. This coating of mast cells leads to | Sensitization because immune response will be elicited each time the person is exposed to the allergen
🗑
|
||||
| Binding of IgE activates mechanical signalling from mast cells causing signal trasduction to what three pathways | Degranulation, Synthesis and secretion of lipid mediators, and synthesis and secretion of cytokines
🗑
|
||||
| Define degranulation | Granule exocytosis leads to vasoactive amines to cause vascular dilation and smooth muscle contraction and proteases to lead to local tissue damage
🗑
|
||||
| What do lipid mediators do? | Causes prostaglandins to stimulate vascular dilation and leukotrienes to cause prolonged smooth muscle contractions
🗑
|
||||
| What do cytokines do? | Local inflammation (leukocyte recruitment) and cause the late phase reaction
🗑
|
||||
| Explain the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis | Nasal mucosa react to an inhaled allergen by producing histamine and Th2 cells that produce IL-13 (increased mucus production)
🗑
|
||||
| Most skin tests for allergies are rapid, sensitive, and cost effective tests for | Allergen-specific IgE on the patients mast cells
🗑
|
||||
| Positive skin test gives what reaction? | Wheal and flare
🗑
|
||||
| The wheal and flare reaction is due mainly to | Histamine
🗑
|
||||
| Which reaction is read for a allergen test? | Early phase
🗑
|
||||
| Describe an in vitro allergen test | Blood is taken to measure blood IgE levels. Total blood IgE is measured and then allergen-specific IgE is measured using an ELISA or fluorescent enzyme
🗑
|
||||
| Why would you use an in vitro test instead of a skin test? | There is no risk for allergic reactions and it is not affected my any medications the patient may be taking
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
mcasto
Popular Medical sets