Phlebotomy Essentials 5th Edition Chapters 12 13
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| Why is specimen handling so important? | ALL
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| Proper specimen handling begins | When test is ordered
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| You are the only phlebotomist on duty. A physician orders a test you’re unfamiliar with. What do you do? | Consult the user manual.
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| Number of inversions depends on | Presence or absence of additive
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| Inadequate mixing of tubes with anticoagulant could lead to | Microclots
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| Tube that needs no mixing | Non-additive
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| Why must you transport tubes with stopper up? | ALL
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| Specimen transported via courier, aircraft, mail, must follow guidelines by | (FAA, OSHA, DOT) ALL
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| Which of the following actions will compromise the quality of a specimen? | Partially filling a SST tube
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| Analyte broken down by light | Bilirubin
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| Some specimens require cooling to | Slow down metabolic processes
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| Chilling can cause erroneous test results for which analyst | Potassium
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| What would be transported in ice slurry? | Ammonia
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| What is the best way to chill a specimen? | Ice Slurry
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| How should a Cryofibrinogen specimen be transported? | Warm - 37°C heat block
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| Why would you wrap a specimen tube in aluminum foil? | To protect from light
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| Specimen must be transported at near normal body temp, which is | 37°C
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| According to CLSI the maximum time limit for separating serum or plasma from cells is | 2 hours
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| Separator gels prevent glycolysis when? | After being centrifuged
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| Glucose in a sodium fluoride tube can be stored at room temp for how long? | 24 hours
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| What type of test takes priority? | STAT (STAT-ER)
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| All of the following are centrifuged, except | CBC in lavender top tube
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| What protective equipment is required when processing specimens? | ALL
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| What would be a reason to reject specimen for analysis? | ALL
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| A reason to reject a specimen would include all of the following, except | Icteric bilirubin and lipemic fasting glucose
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| Aliquot | Portion of specimen being tested
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| Specimen rejected if tube not filled completely until vacuum is exhausted | PT (ProTime)
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| Tests performed on plasma are | Collected in anticoagulant tubes
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| It is important to note the type of heparin in the collection tube because | Some types of heparin can affect test results.
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| Non additive specimen is spun in a centrifuge to obtain | Serum
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| Serum will take longer to clot | ALL
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| Test most affected by contamination of a drop of perspiration falling into it | Electrolytes
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| Gloves that contain powder | Source of contamination
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| Minimum pre-centrifugation time for a specimen drawn in SST tube | 15 mins
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| Repeated centrifugation of a specimen can | ALL
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| Proper centrifuge operation | Balance
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| Special information when labeling a non-blood specimen | Type and source
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| What type of specimen must be handled and analyzed STAT | CSF (cerebrospinal fluid)
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| Most frequently analyzed non-blood specimen | Urine
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| What can happen to urine components if not processed in a timely fashion? | ALL
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| What specimen preferred for most urine tests? | First morning urine
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| Routine urinalysis specimens that cannot be analyzed within 2 hours require | Refrigeration
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| Routine urinalysis typically includes | ALL
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| Most likely reason a Culture + Sensitivity be ordered? | To diagnose UTI
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| Urine cytology studies look for presence of | Abnormal cells
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| Suspected pregnancy can be confirmed by testing urine for this hormone | HCG
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| What type of specimen preferred for pregnancy testing? | First morning urine
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| What type of specimen preferred routine analysis? | Random
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| Urine specimen that is most concentrated | First morning urine
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| Serial urine specimens collected at specific times for C & S | GTT (glucose tolerance test)
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| Which urine spec is obtained by inserting a sterile needle directly into the urinary bladder and aspirating urine? | Suprapubic
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| Procedure for collecting 24 hr urine specimen | Void first morning urine into toilet, start timing, collect all following including next am specimen
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| Which urine test requires midstream catch specimen? | C+S (culture and sensitivity)
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| Test performed on amniotic fluid | AFP (alpha fetoprotein)
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| Amniotic fluid comes from where? | Sac surrounding fetus
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| Spinal fluid analysis useful in diagnosing | Meningitis
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| Test requires IV administration of histamine or pentagastrin | Gastric analysis
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| NP (nasopharyngeal) culture swab sometimes collected to detect | Whooping cough
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| Saliva can be tested to | ALL
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| One reason semen analysis is performed | Assess fertility
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| Which of the following fluids is obtained through lumbar puncture? | Spinal
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| Serous fluid includes | ALL
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| Fluid from joint cavities | Synovial
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| Ascites | Excess fluid in peritoneal cavity
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| Sputum | Phlegm
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| Sputum is collected in the diagnosis and monitoring of | TB
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| Test to diagnose CF (Cystic Fibrosis) | Sweat chloride (Iontophoresis)
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| Synovial fluid collected in what tube | ALL
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| Synovial fluid used to identify | ALL
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| The process of Iontophoresis is used to collect | Sweat
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| Marrow aspirated from | Iliac crest (hip)
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| Marrow studied to identify | Blood disorders
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| Breath specimens can be used to detect | H. Pylori
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| Refrigerated stool specimen would be acceptable for all except | O + P (ova & parasites)
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| Guiac test detects | Occult blood
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| Chronic drug use can be detected in what type of sample? | Hair
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| Type of specimen required for rapid strep test | Throat swab
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| Type of specimen required for biopsy | Tissue
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| Military time | Examples:
8:00am= 0800 “0 eight-hundred hours”
10:15am= 1015 “ten fifteen”
1:30pm= 1330 “thirteen thirty”
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| Bleach dilution | 10% dilution of bleach (5.25% sodium hypochlorite)
1:10 ratio of bleach to water
1 part bleach to 9 parts water
10mL bleach to 90mL water
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