Coastal Landforms
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| Define Dune. | A mound or ridge of sand or other loose sediment formed by the wind. Formed by interaction with the flow of air or water.
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| Define Lagoon. | A stretch of salt water separated from the sea by a low sandbank or coral reef.
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| Define Beach. | A pebbly or sandy shore, esp. by the ocean between high- and low-water marks.
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| Define Estuary. | The tidal mouth of a large river, where the tide meets the stream.
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| Define Cave. | A large underground chamber, typically of natural origin, in a hillside or cliff.
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| Define Arch. | A curved symmetrical structure spanning an opening and typically supporting the weight of a bridge, roof, or wall above it.
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| Define Stack. | A stack is a geological landform consisting of a steep and often vertical column or columns of rock in the sea near a coast, isolated by erosion.
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| Define Stump. | The sea forms a sea cave which goes into a arch then it goes into a stack and finally when the sea eroded for years a stump is formed.
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| Define Headland. | A narrow piece of land that projects from a coastline into the sea.
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| Define Blowhole. | Sea cave erroding by waves and it errods in the roof. Spurts out from the top.
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| Define Tombolo. | A bar of sand or shingle joining an island to the mainland.
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| Define Spit. | A narrow point of land projecting into the sea.
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| Define Wave Refraction. | When a wave changes direction it is called wave refraction. This can be caused by a change in it's speed for any reason, such as coming in contact with a medium that it is unable to pass through.
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| Define Longshore Drift. | The movement of material along a coast by waves that approach at an angle to the shore but recede directly away from it.
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| Define Erosion. | Is a process where rocks and soil are taken away from the coastline due to the actions of wind, rain and waves. (Softer the rock; easier to errode)
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| What are the Coastal landforms that are created by erosion? | Cliffs, Arches, Stacks, Headlands, Caves, Blowholes.
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| Define Deposition. | Is a process where materials are added to the coastline because waves carry sand, seaweed, debris, and salt up onto the shore.
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| What are the coastal landforms that are caused by deposition? | Spits, Beaches, Dunes, Estuaries, Lagoons.
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| Define debris. | Scattered fragments, typically of something wrecked or destroyed
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| Define waves. | Are an important part of both the erosion and deposition process. (link between) There are two different types of waves Constructive and Destructive waves.
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| Define Constructive waves. | Are gentle and deposit waves, materials on the shoreline over time. Strong swash . (weak) Backswash. Builds beach.
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| Define Swash and Back swash. | Swash: is the action of a gentle wave rising up onto the beach. ← (comes in)
Backswach: is the action of a wave gently receding back into the ocean. → (goes out)
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| Define Destructive waves. | Are strong and crash against the shoreline cutting away at it. Destroys beach.Destructive waves carry shoreline materials (like rocks, sand and vegetation) back out to sea.
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| Define Scouring. | The action of scouring or the state of being scoured, esp. by swift-flowing water.
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| Define Groynes. | A low wall or sturdy timber barrier built out into the sea from a beach to check erosion and drifting.
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| Types of Coastal management. | Beach Renourishment, Groyne Field, Sea wall, Offshore Breakwater, Purchase Property,
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| Define Dredging. | Dredging is taking sand from under water and putting it elsewhere.
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