Secretions of the Digestion systems
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| what are the three types of Exocrine secretory cells | mucous, chief, and parietal
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| What are the three types of endocrine/paracrine secretory cells | enterochromaffin-like cells (ECL), G cells, D cells
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| mucous cells secrete what product | alkaline mucus
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| the chief cells secrete what | pepsinogen
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| the parietal cells secrete what | hydrochloric acid and Intrinsic factor
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| the ECL cells secrete what | histamine
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| the G cells secrete what | gastrin
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| the D cells secrete what | somatostatin
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| Mechanical stimulation, by content in the stomach, is a stimuli for what cell | mucous cells- that will secret alkaline mucus to protect against mechanical, pepsin, and acid injury
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| ACh released from intrinsic nerve plexuses in response to short reflexes and vagal stimulation will stimulate what cells | chief, parietal, ECL, and G-cells (probably will be easier to remember isn't a stimuli for mucous and D cells)
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| Gastrin will stimulate what cells to secrete its contents. It is also the main factor responsible for bringing about increased _____ secretion during digestion of a meal. | chief, parietal, and ECL ( stimulates same cells as ACh except G cells since that is where they came from)
increased HCl secreation
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| histamine will stimulate what cells to secrete | parietal cells
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| Protein products in the stomach will stimulate what cells to secrete | G cells
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| Acid content in the stomach will stimulate what cells in the stomach to secrete | D cells (remeber you have more D cells in the small intestine)
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| Chief cells are stimulated by what two stimuli | ACh and Gastrin ( Same as ECL cells just incase K-type)
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| Parietal cells are stimulated by what three stimuli | ACh, Gastrin, and histamine. These three things working together cause a greater secretion of HCl than any of them does separately. Of the three histamine has the greatest stimulatory effect
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| ECL cells are stimulated by what two stimuli | ACh and Gastrin ( Same as chief cells if K-type)
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| G cells are stimulated by what two stimuli | protein products, and ACh
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| D cells are stimulated by what stimuli | Acid
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| The function of Alkaline mucus by the mucous cells is what | protect mucosa against mechanical, pepsin, and acid injury
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| The function of pepsinogen by the chief cells is to | when activated, begins protein digestion
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| The function of HCL by parietal cells is to | decrease stomach pH to activate pepsinogen to pepsin, break down connective tissue and muscle fibers, denature protein exposing peptide bonds for enzymatic attack, and assist lysozyme in the killing of micro-organisms
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| The functions of Intrinsic factor by the parietal cells is to | facilitate absorption of vitamin B12
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| The Function of Histamine by the ECL cells is to (remember that it's from a endocrine cell, so it's a hormone. This will help you remember its function) | stimulate parietal cells
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| The function of Gastrin by the G cells is to (remember it's from a Endocrine cell, so it's a Hormone. It will help you remember its function) | stimulates parietal, chief, and ECL cells
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| The function of Somatostatin by the D cells is to (remember that it's from a endrocrine cell, so it's a hormone. This will help you remember its function) | inhibit parietal, G and ECL cells
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| What fluid, hormone and/or Enzymes comes from the oral cavity secretions | Saliva: water, electrolytes and proteins: lysozyme, salivary amylase, mucus
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| What fluid, hormone and/or Enzymes comes from the Esophagus secretions | mucus
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| What fluid, hormone and/or Enzymes comes from the fundus and body of the stomach (oxyntic mucosa) | mucus, HCl, pepsinogen, histamine, and intrinsic factor
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| What fluid and/or Enzymes come from the Antrum | mucus, gastrin, little somatostatin and little pepsinogen
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| What fluid, hormone and/or Enzymes come from the Live | Cholesterol and Bile: bile salt, billirubin, mucus (alkaline secretion)
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| What fluid, hormone and/or Enzymes comes from the pancreas scretions | Trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase, pancreatic amylas, pancreatic lipase, riobonclease, deoxyribonuclease, cholesterol esterase, bicarbonate ions
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| What fluid, hormone and/or Enzymes comes from the small intestine secretions | exocrine secrections:Succus entericus", Electrolytes and Water ~ Endocrine secrections (Hormones): Motilin, Secretin (duodenum), Cholecystokinin CCK (duodenum) Somatostatin (Duodenum) .
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| What fluid, hormone and/or Enzymes comes from small intestine brush boarder-hairlike projections on the plasma membrane epitelial cells of small intestine | Enterokinase, Dissacharidase(sucrase, maltase, lactase) Aminopeptidase
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| Cholecystokinin functions included | inh gastric empt and gastric secret, stim. digest enzy secr by pancreatic acinar cells, causes gallbladder contract and relax of the sphincter of Oddi, is trophic to ex. pancreas, cause long-term adaptive changes in the pancreatic enzy, hand in satiety
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| Secretin functions are | inhibits gastric emptying and gastric secretion, stimulates NaHCO3 secretion by the pancreatic duct cells and by the liver, is trophic to the exocrine pancreas
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