Quiz 3
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| cerebell/o | cerebellum
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| cerebr/o | brain, cerebrum
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| cortic/o | cortex
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| crani/o | cranium, skull
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| dur/o | hard, dura mater
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| encephal/o | entire brain
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| esthesi/o | sensation, perception
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| gangli/o, ganglion/o | ganglion
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| gli/o | glue, neuroglia
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| mening/o, meningi/o | meninges
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| myel/o | bone marrow, spinal cord
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| narc/o | stupor, sleep
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| neur/o | nerve
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| phas/o | speech
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| poli/o | gray
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| radicul/o | nerve root
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| somn/o, somn/i | sleep
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| spin/o | spine
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| spondyl/o, vertebr/o | vertebra
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| thalam/o | thalamus
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| ventricul/o | ventricle
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| epi- | on, following
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| hemi- | half
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| hyper- | above, excessive
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| hypo- | below, deficient
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| para- | beside
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| poly- | many, much
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| quadri- | four
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| -gram | record, recording
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| -ictal, -lepsy | seizure
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| -paresis | partial or incomplete paralysis
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| -phrenia | the mind
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| -plegia | paralysis
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| cranial | pertaining to the cranium or skull
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| ictal | pertaining to or caused by a stroke or seizure
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| ischemic | pertaining to a lack of blood flow
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| postictal | pertaining to following a seizure
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| radicular | pertaining to a root (nerve)
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| cerebrovascular accident (CVA), stroke | damage to the brain caused by an interruption of blood supply to a region of the brain
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| cerebral aneurysm | widening of a blood vessel in the brain, usually due to a weakness in the wall of the artery
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| cerebral embolism | obstruction or occlusion of a vessel in the brain by an embolus
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| cerebral thrombosis | clot within a blood vessel of the brain
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| meningitis | inflammation of the meninges
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| radiculopathy | disease of the nerve roots
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| seizure | violent spasm or series of jerky movements of the face, trunk, or limbs
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| transient ischemic attack (TIA) | sudden, brief, and temporary cerebral dysfunction usually caused by interruption of blood flow to the brain
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| cerebral angiography | radiography of blood vessels in the brain after injection of radiopaque contrast material
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| electroencephalogram (EEG) | electrical recording of activity of the brain
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| craniectomy | excision of part of the cranium to access the brain
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| craniotomy | incision into the skull to access the brain
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| ganglionectomy | excision of a ganglion
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| laminectomy | excision of the thin plate of the vertebra to relieve pressure on the spinal cord
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| neuroplasty | surgical repair of the nerves
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| conjunctiva | mucous membrane that lines the eyelids and outer surface of the eyeball
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| blephar/o | eyelid
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| conjunctiv/o | conjunctiva
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| corne/o | cornea
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| cry/o | cold
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| dacry/o , lacrim/o | tears or tear ducts
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| dipl/o | double, two
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| ir/o , irid/o | iris
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| kerat/o | cornea
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| ocul/o , ophthalm/o | eye
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| opt/o | vision, eye
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| phot/o | light
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| presby/o | related to aging
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| pupill/o , cor/e , cor/o | pupil
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| retin/o | retina
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| scler/o | hard, sclera
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| ton/o | tension, pressure
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| -ectasia, -ectasis | dilation, stretching
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| -lysis | destruction, breakdown, separation
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| -malacia | softening
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| -meter | instrument for measuring
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| -metry | measurement of
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| -opia, -opsia | vision
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| -phobia | abnormal fear, aversion to, sensitivity to
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| -ptosis | prolapse, drooping, sagging
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| -rrhea | flow, discharge
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| -spasm | involuntary movement
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| -trophia | to turn
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| accommodation | ability of the eye to adjust focus on near objects
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| binocular | pertaining to both eyes
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| blepharal | pertaining to the eyelid
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| conjunctival | pertaining to the cornea
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| intraocular | within or inside the eye
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| iridal, iridial | pertaining to the iris
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| lacrimal | pertaining to tears
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| ocular, ophthalmic | pertaining to the eye
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| optic | pertaining to vision
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| pupillary | pertaining to the pupil
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| retinal | pertaining to the retina
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| scleral | pertaining to the sclera
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| amblyopia | poor vision, usually in only one eye, caused by abnormal development of the visual areas; also known as "lazy eye"
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| astigmatism | distorted, blurry vision caused by abnormal curvature of the cornea or lens
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| color blindness | deficiency in distinguishing some colors
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| diplopia | double vision
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| hyperopia | farsightedness
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| myopia | nearsightedness
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| nyctalopia | poor vision in reduced light or at night; commonly called night blindness
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| photophobia | extreme sensitivity to light
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| presbyopia | impaired vision caused by old age
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| conjunctivitis | highly contagious inflammation of the conjunctiva; commonly known as pinkeye
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| ophthalmia | condition of the eye characterized by severe conjunctivitis
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| pterygium | growth of conjunctival tissue over the cornea; usually associated with prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light
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| cataract | clouding of the lens of the eye, which causes poor vision
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| ophthalmoscope | instrument used for examining the interior of the eye through the pupil
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| pupillometry | measurement of the pupil
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| ophthalmoscopy | use of the ophthalmoscope to view the interior of the eye
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| acous/o | hearing, sound
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| audi/o | hearing
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| aur/i, aur/o, ot/o | ear
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| cochle/o | cochlea
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| labyrinth/o | labyrinth, inner ear
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| mastoid/o | mastoid bone
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| myring/o, tympan/o | tympanic membrane, eardrum
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| scler/o | hard, sclera
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| staped/o | stapes
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| vestibul/o | vestibule
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| dys- | painful, difficult, abnormal
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| -acousis, -acusis | hearing
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| -algia | pain
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| -ectomy | excision, surgical removal
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| -stomy | surgical opening
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| acoustic | pertaining to hearing or sound
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| auditory | pertaining to hearing
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| aural, otic | pertaining to ear
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| cochlear | pertaining to cochlea
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| labyrinthine | pertaining to the labyrinth or inner ear
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| mastoid | pertaining to the mastoid bone and cells
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| tympanic | pertaining to the tympanic membrane or tympanic cavity
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| vestibular | pertaining to a vestibule
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| acoustic neuroma | benign tumor that develops on the acoustic nerve and causes hearing loss
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| cerumen impaction | excessive buildup of earwax
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| cholesteatoma | cystlike tumor of skin in the middle ear behind the tympanic membrane usually caused by chronic otitis media
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| conductive hearing loss | hearing loss due to obstruction or lesion in the outer and/or middle ear
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| labyrinthitis | inflammation of the inner ear
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| mastoiditis | inflammation of the mastoid bone
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| myringitis | inflammation of the tympanic membrane
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| otalgia | pain in the ear
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| otitis externa (OE) | inflammation of the external auditory meatus; also known as "swimmer's ear"
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| otitis media (OM) | inflammation of the middle ear
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| otomycosis | fungal infection in the ear
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| otopyorrhea | discharge of pus from the ear
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| otorrhea | discharge from the ear
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| otosclerosis | hardening of the ossicles, particularly the stapes
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| presbycusis | impaired hearing caused by old age
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| sensorineural hearing loss | hearing loss caused by damage to the inner ear or the auditory nerve
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| tinnitus | noises in the ear, such as ringing, buzzing, or humming
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| audiogram | record of hearing (presented in graph form)
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| audiometer | instrument for measuring hearing
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| audiometry | measurement of hearing
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| otoscope | instrument for examining the ear
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| otoscopy | use of an otoscope to examine the external auditory canal and tympanic membrane
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| ophthalmoscope | instrument used for examining the interior of the eye through the pupil
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| pupillometry | measurement of the pupil
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| ophthalmoscopy | use of the ophthalmoscope to view the interior of the eye
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| labyrinthectomy | excision of part of the labyrinth
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| mastoidectomy | excision of part of the mastoid bone
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| mastoidotomy | incision into the mastoid bone
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| myringotomy, tympanostomy | surgical incision (opening) into the tympanic membrane to drain fluid from the middle
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| otoplasty | surgical repair of the external ear
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| stapedectomy | removal of the stapes and replacement with a prosthesis; done to correct hearing loss from otosclerosis
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| tympanoplasty | surgical repair of the tympanic membrane and/or middle ear
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| tympanostomy tube placement | placement of a tube in the tympanic membrane to relieve symptoms caused by fluid buildup
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| lumbar puncture (LP) | process of inserting needle into the subarachnoid space of the lumbar spine to obtain cerebrospinal fluid for analysis
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| magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) | imaging technique that uses magnetic fields and radiofrequency waves to visualize anatomic structures
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| myelogram | radiographic contrast study of the spinal subarachnoid space and its contents
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| polysomnography | monitoring and recording of normal and abnormal activity during sleep to diagnose sleep disorders
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| positron emission tomography (PET) | nuclear medicine procedure that shows blood flow in the brain that can correspond to various brain activity
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| refraction | test using a manual refractor to determine an exact vision prescription
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