Fund of Disease Chapter 16-Diseases of the integumentary system
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| An acute contagious skin disease caused by staph(staphylococci) and strep(streptococci) especially in children is | impetigo
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| Impetigo is characterized by | 1.Erythema(redness) 2.Oozing vesicles(fluid filled papules) 3.Pustules (pus fulled papules) with a honey colored crust
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| Tx of impetigo includes | 1.wash with soap and water 2.keep lesions dry(astringent--caladryl) 3.Topical antibiotics(neosporin)
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| Lyme disease is a bacterial disease transmitted by the bite of a | deer tick
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| Signs & symptoms of Lyme disease usually occur 3-30 days after exposure and include | 1."Bull's eye rash"(target) 2.Flu like signs & symptoms such as: a.malaise(feeling of being unwell) b.cephalalgia(headache) c.chills d.pyrexia(fever) e.arthralgias(joint pain) f.myalgias(muscle pain) g.lymphadenopathy(swollen lymph glands)
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| Tx of Lyme disease includes | antibiotics(Vibramycin, Amoxil)
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| Untreated Lyme disease can cause permanent damage to the | heart, joints & nervous system
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| HSV I (Herpes Simplex Virus I) causes herpetic stomatitis AKA | cold sores or fever blisters
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| Herpetic stomatitis is usually found near the | oral labiae(lips)
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| The HSV I(Herpes Simplex Virus I) can be dormant in the body for months but frequently becomes active when a person is under | stress or when their immune system is weakened(compromised)
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| Tx of the Herpes Simplex Virus I(HSVI) includes | antiviral drugs(Abreva)
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| Tinea refers to | fungal infections
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| Tinea corporis is AKA | ringworm
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| Tinea corporis causes | erythematous(red) ringed shaped pruritic(itchy) lesions
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| Tinea pedis is AKA | athlete's foot
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| Tinea pedis frequently attacks the skin between the toes causing | fissures(cracks), pruritus(itching), & pain
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| Tinea cruris is AKA | Jock itch
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| Tinea cruris causes | erythematous(red) ring-like areas with vesicles (fluid filled papules/raised)
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| Areas of the body susceptible to tinea are usually | warm, dark, & moist environments
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| Tx of tinea includes | 1.Keeping susceptitble areas dry 2.Topical antifungal medications (Tinactin, Desenex)
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| Pediculosis is AKA | lice
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| Pediculosis(lice...louse/singluar) can infest the | head, pubic area(crabs) and the body
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| Head lice are common among children and are transmitted by direct contact or formites such as | combs, scarves, hats & bed linen
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| The primary symptom of pediculosis(lice) is | pruritus(itching)
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| Pediculosis(lice) are difficult to see but their white eggs(nits) can be located on the | hair shaft
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| Tx of pediculosis(lice) includes | 1.Medicated shampoos(RID) 2.Use of a fine toothed comb 3.Washing clothes in hot water(>131 degrees/ greater than) and machine drying 4.Leave the house for 55 hours to allow the lice to die
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| Some studies show that lice are becoming | resistant to the medicated shampoos
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| Scabies is a contagious skin infestation caused by the | itch mite
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| Signs & symptoms of scabies include | vesicles(fluid filled papules), pustules(pus filled papules), and intense pruritus(itching)
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| Scabies are usually transmitted by | skin to skin contact
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| Tx of scabies incluces | 1.Scrubbing with medicated soaps and shampoos(Elimite) in hot baths. 2.Washing clothes in hot water(greater than > 131 degrees) and machine drying
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| Allergic Contact Dermatitis (ACD) is a noncontagious inflammation of the skin caused by an | allergic response
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| Common allergies include | 1.plants such as poison ivy, or oak,(leaves of 3, beware of me) 2.Chemicals found in clothing dyes, soaps & perfumes 3.Metals such as nickel found in costume jewelry, etc.
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| Signs & symptoms of ACD(Alergic Contact Dermatitis) include | 1.Erythema(redness) 2.Vesicles(fluid filled papules) 3.Pruritus(itching)
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| Tx of ACD(Alergic Contact Dermatitis) includes | 1.Removal of the allergen 2.Topical SAIDs(steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)(hydrocortisone) 3.Antihistamines(Benadryl) 4.Antipruritic medications(Caladryl)
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| Atopic Dermititis(AD) is AKA | eczema
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| Eczema is an idiopathic(unknown disease) skin disorder causing | erythematous(red), dry, and crusted patches on the skin
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| AD(Atopic Dermititis) usually affects those with | allergies and asthma
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| Eczema outbreaks will disappear in half of all children effected by | adolescence
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| Tx of Atopic Dermatitis(AD) includes the use of | SAIDs (steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs)(hydrocortisone)
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| A nevus is AKA | mole
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| A nevus(mole) is a benign skin lesion that CAN become | malignant
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| Signs & symptoms that indicate a possible change of a nevus(mole) to a malignant lesion include | 1.Change in the size or shape 2.Pruritus(itching) 3.Soreness 4.Discharge 5.Darkening of the nevus(mole)
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| The ABCDEs of moles (nevus) include | Asymmetry or one half does not match the other half Border or edges are ragged, blurred or irregular Color is not the same throughout Diameter is larger than the eraser on a pencil Elevated or raised from the skin
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| Tx of a suspect nevus(mole) involves | surgical removal or cryosurgery(freezing to destroy tissue)
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| Basal Cell Carcinoma(BCC) is the most common skin cancer that is | slow growing & usually nonmetastasizing
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| BCC (Basal Cell Carcinoma) usually develops on the face or neck of light skinned men(2 to 1) who are | over exposed to UV(Ultra Violet) light (sun and/or tanning beds)
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| Tx of Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) involves | 1.Surgical removal of the tumor 2.Radiation therapy 3.Chemotherapy(antineoplastics)
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| Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) is a more serious skin lesion because it | metastasizes(spread) through the lymph vessels
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| SCC(Squamous Cell Carcinoma) usually develops on the face, ears, neck, lips & back of the hands of light skinned men(3 to 1) who are | over exposed to UV(Ultra Violet) light (sun and/or tanning beds)
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| Tx of SCC (Squamous Cell Carcinoma) involves | 1.Surgical removal of the tumor 2.Radiation therapy 3.Chemotherapy(antineoplastics)
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| Malignant(Metastatic) Melanoma(MM) is the most serious form of skin cancer because it | metastasizes(spread) early
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| MM (Malignant(Metastatic) Melanoma can develop from a nevus(mole) and is associated with | overexposure to UV(Ultra Violet) light (sun and/or tanning beds) in caucasians(10 to 1)
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| Tx of Malignant(Mestastatic) Melanoma (MM) involves | surgical removal of the tumor and surrounding lymph nodes
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| The Px for MM (Malignant(Mestastatic)Melanoma depends on the | degree of mestastasis(spread)
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| Tanning beds emit | 50-74% more UVA rays that the sun
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| Exposure to tanning beds for people under 30 increases skin cancer risk by | 75%
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| To protect your skin from UVA & UVB sunscreen should contain | mexoryl or avobenzone
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| Acne Vulgaris(AV) is caused by a clogging of the | sebaceous(oil/sebum producing) glands
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| Characteristics of AV (Acne Vulgaris) include | 1. Comedones (white heads & black heads) indicate noninflammatory acne 2.Pustules(pus filled papules) indicate inflammatory acne
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| Tx for AV(Acne Vulgaris) include | 1.Benzoyl peroxide 2.Stridex 3.Keeping the hands away from the face 4.Gentle cleaning of the skin twice a day
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| Rosacea is an idiopathic(unknown disease/cause) cyclic progressive inflammatory skin disease that causes | facial erythema(redness) edema(swelling) papules(raised lesions) pustules(pus filled papules) and pain
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| Tx of rosacea includes | 1. Avoidance of triggers(sunlight, stress, wind, temperature extremes, skin care products) 2.Topical vitamin A (retinol) 3.Oracea
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| Psoriasis is an idiopathic(unknown disease/cause) autoimmune chronic (persistant) skin disease with a hereditary basis of which there is | no cure
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| The psoriasis lesions are | erythematous(red) patches with white or silvery scales
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| The psoriasis lesions primarily form on the | elbows & knees but the trunk, arms, legs & scalp can be affected
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| Psoriasis can be exacerbated(made worse) by | 1.Stress 2.Changes in climate 3.NSAIDs(Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) 4.Injuries to the skin 5.Infections
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| Tx of psoriasis includes controlling lesions with | 1.Coal-tar medications(Tegrin, Denorex) 2.SAIDs (Steroidal anti-flammatory drugs) 3.UV(Ultra Violet) light therapy
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| Onset & exacerbation of psoriasis has been linked to | drinking non-light beer
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