ABX
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| Aminoglycosides MOA | Irreversiblely inhibits PRO synthesis by binding to 30S subunit--> misreads mRNA
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| Aminoglycosides: cidal or static? | cidal
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| Tetracyclines MOA | Bind to 30S subunit, block binding of aminoacyl tRNA to acceptor site (A) on the mRNA-ribosome complex-->AA can't be added to the growing peptide.
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| Tetracyclines: cidal or static? | static
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| Spectinomycin | inhibits PRO synthesis by binding to 30S subunit---> doesn't misread like AG's do)
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| Spectinomycin: cidal or static? | static
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| Macrolides | PRO synthesis inhibitor, reversibly binds to site on 50S subunit and inhibits translocations step where tRNA moves from A site to P site
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| Macrolides: static or cidal? | static
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| Lincosamides | reversibly binds to 50S, like macrolides
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| Lincosamides: static or cidal? | static
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| Chloramphenicol | PRO synthesis inh. REVERSIBLY binds to 50S, inh. transpeptidation by inh. peptidyl transferase. Prevents binding of AA end of aminoacyl tRNA to acceptor site on 50S subunit
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| Chloramphenicol: static or cidal? | Static
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| Oxazolidione (Linezolid) | inh PRO. Binds to 23S of RNA of the 50S subunit-->nonfunctional 70S initiation complex which is an essential step in the translation process
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| Oxazolidione: what is unique? | unique MOA, doesn't show cross resistance to other abx.
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| Streptogramins | bind to 23S RNA or 50S subunit; do not induce the methyl's enzyme (not subject to MLS resistance)
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| PCN | same as other B-lactam abx. Distrupts synthesis of peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell wall. inhibits final stage of cell wall synthesis (cross linking) structural analog of d-ala d-ala
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| cephalosporins: cidal/static | cidal
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| PCN: cidal/static? | cidal
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| cephalosporins | disrupts synthesis of peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell wall
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| carbapenems | inhibition of cell wall synthesis
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| carbapenems: cidal or static? | cidal
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| monobactam | disrupts synthesis of peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell wall
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| monobactam: cidal/static? | cidal
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| vancomycin | inhibits cell wall synthesis by irreversibly binding to the pair of d-ala molecules of cell wall precursor units
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| vanco: cidal/static | static
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| bacitracin | inhibits cell wall synthesis by binding to precursor of cell wall and forming unusable complex; acts 1 step before the one inhibited by vanco
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| fosfomycin | inhibits very early stage of cell wall synthesis. inh. enolpyruvyl transferase, irreversibly blocks condensation of UDP-N-acyely glycosamine w/p-enolyruvate;
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| fosfomycin | inhibits bacterial adherence to uroepithelial cells (enzymes needed for synthesis of peptidoglycan layer)
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| fosfomycin: static/cidal? | cidal
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| sulfonamides | PABA anolog, competitively inh DHPS which is required for folic acid synthesis; it only affects bacteria that synthesize their own folic acid
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| metronidazole | nitro group is activated in anaerobic organisms to chemically reactivate intermediates that react with DNA.
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| metronidazole | increased degradation of existing DNA, altered DNA helical structure, increased strand breaks, inhib of DNA
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| metronidazole cidal or static | cidal
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| polymixins | surface active agents that disrupt osmotic properties and transport mech of cell membranes in gram neg bacterial only
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| polymixins | binds and inactivates endotoxins
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| mupirocin (bactroban) | reversibly binds to bacterial isoleucyl-tRNA synthase and blocks PRO synthesis
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| fluoroquinolones | inhibits DNA gyrase which is a topoisomerase responsible for breaking and rejoining DNA strands necessary for dNA replication
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| fluoroquinolones: cidal/static | cidal
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| ketolides | binds to 50S, same as macro lids
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| ketek | black box warning: choninergic antagonist; careful in MG and NMBD
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| clindamycin | can cause NMB pre and post junctional
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| polymyxin B and E | skeletal weaknes; sig potentiation of NMB
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| aminoglycosides: inhibit what | release of ach and decreases sensitivity at junction to ach,
can potentiate NMBD and lidocaine
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