Myocardial Disease, Pericardial Disease
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| What is Dilated Cardiomyopathy | Biventricular dilation with thin walls enlarged and flabby with eventual 4 chamber dilation
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| What are some secondary causes of dilated cardiomyopathy | Drugs and toxins, Chemotherapy, Preganancy, Metabolic Disorders
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| What are some metabolic Disorders associated with dilated cardiomyopathy | Hyperthyroid, Hypothyroidism, Thiamine deficiency
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| how do people with dilated cardiomyopathy present | dyspnea and fatigue: pulmonary congestion, palpitations, S4 gallop, S3
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| What is Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy | Left ventricular hypertrophy and often RV hypertrophy increases muscle mass resulting in a hypercontractile heart
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| What are the two main types of hypertrophic cardiomyopathies | Asymmetrical and Symmetrical
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| Where does the thickening in asymmetrical cardiomyopathy occur most often | The basal portion of the ventricular septum
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| How is symmetrical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy different from asymmetric | symmetric is concentric hypertrophy of both venricles with NO LV OUTFLOW OBSTRUCTION
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| Sudden death is common in children and young men with familial forms of this cardiomyopathy | hypertrophic
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| Where do you see endomyocardial fibrosis | in subtropical areas especially equatorial Aftica usually in children and young adults
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| what are the cardiomyopathies classified as the cytoskeletalopathies | Dilated cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, cariocutaneous syndromes
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| what are the cardiomyopathies classified as sarcomyopathy | hypertrophic and restrictive cardiomyopahties
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| what are the cardiomyopathies classified as the channelopathies | long and short QT syndromes, Brugada syndrome, Catecholaminergic polymorphic VT
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| what is Myocarditis | inflammation of the myocardium in which the inflammatory process is not the primary cause of the myocardial injury
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| what is primary myocarditis | when the myocardium is the principle target of the inflammatory process usually infectious
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| what is secondary myocarditis | myocardial inflammation occurs as part of a systemic inflammatory process usually autoimmune or allergic
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| what is the most common pathogenesis of myocarditis | infectious agens are most common (viral most common)
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| what are some viruses that can cause myocarditis | enteroviruses Coxsackie A&B, polio, ECHO, Influenza, CMV, HIV
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| what are some common bacteria that cause myocarditis | corynebacterium, borrelia, rickettsial
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| what are some common immunological causes of myocarditis | SLE, Poststreptococcal (rheumatic fever), radiation, drugs toxicity/hypersensitivity
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| what is primary pericarditis | inflammation involving the pericardium alone (rare) most pericarditis is secondary
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| what is the most common type of pericarditis | fibrinous (bread and butter appearance)
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| When you see Caseous necrosis within the pericardial sac you should think ? until proven otherwise | Tuberculosis
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| what are the two clinical varients of chronic pericarditis | Adhesive and Constrictive Pericarditis
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| what is cardiac tamponade | an often lethal complication of hemopericardium
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| what is the most common primary cardiac tumor | myxoma (90% are atrial with a 4:1 L:R ratio)
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