Bob Jones Life Science - Chapter 26
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| accessory organs | An organ that secretes substances that are carried through ducts into the alimentary canal.
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| alimentary canal | The digestive tract.
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| alveoli | The microscopic sacs in which the exchange of gases takes place in the lungs.
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| assimilation | The process by which living cells convert nutrients into cellular structures.
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| basal metabolic rate | The rate at which an organism uses energy while inactive.
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| bile | A substance secreted by the liver; helps to separate lipids into small droplets to aid digestion.
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| bronchi | The two branches of the trachea; function in carrying air to and from the lungs.
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| bronchioles | One of many tiny branches from the bronchi; carries air to and from alveoli within the lung.
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| calories | A unit used to indicate the amount of energy released from food during cellular respiration.
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| chemical digestion | Chemically breaking down food into substances that the body can use.
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| chyme | The semiliquid mixture of digestive juices and partly digested food in the stomach and small intestine.
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| diaphragm | The muscle that separates the thorax from the abdomen in mammals and humans; aids breathing.
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| digestion | The breaking of food into smaller substances that the body's cells can use.
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| digestive system | A group of tissues and organs that work together to digest an organism's food.
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| epiglottis | A thin flexible flap in front of the larynx; folds over and block the glottis during swallowing.
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| esophagus | A part of the digestive tract; connects the pharynx and stomach in humans.
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| glottis | The space between the vocal folds.
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| large intestine | The part of the digestive tract that extends from the end of the small intestine to the anus; absorbs water and minerals.
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| larynx | The short passageway that leads from the pharynx to the trachea; the sound-producing organ.
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| liver | The organ that produces bile, helps to regulate substances in the blood, and stores minerals and vitamins.
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| lungs | An organ that exchanges gases between the atmosphere and the blood.
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| mechanical digestion | The process of breaking food into smaller pieces and mixing it with the digestive juices.
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| metabolic rate | The rate at which an organism uses energy.
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| metabolism | The total of all reactions occurring in a living organism.
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| mucus | A thick sticky substance secreted by the mucous membranes in the human body.
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| peristalsis | A series of muscular contractions that moves food along the alimentary canal.
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| pharynx | The passageway between the mouth and the nose, esophagus, and larynx; also called the throat.
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| portal vein | The blood vessel that carries blood from the digestive organs to the liver.
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| respiratory system | The system of organs that obtain oxygen from the air and eliminate carbon dioxide from the body; in humans, the lungs, trachea, and other associated organs.
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| saliva | The watery fluid secreted into the mouth by the salivary glands that moistens foods and begins starch digestion.
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| salivary glands | A digestive gland that secretes saliva into the mouth.
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| small intestine | The digestive organ in which most of the digestion and absorption of food occurs.
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| thorax | Chest cavity
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| trachea | The tube that carries air between the pharynx and the lungs.
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| villi | Microscopic fingerlike structures that line the wall of the small intestine.
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