This stack list core knowledge on this topic
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| What type of collagen is bone made of? | Collagen type 1
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| Name of extracelluar matrix of bone | Osteoid
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| What happens to osteoid which gives bone it's rigidity and strength and by deposition of which substance? | Mineralisation, Calcium Hydroxyapatite
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| Osteoblast | Synthesise osteoid and mediate mineralisation
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| Osteoblasts are found... | lined up along bone surface
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| osteoclast | Large multinucleated phagocytic cells capable of eroding bones
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| Osteocytes | Inactive osteoblast trapped within formed bone
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| Osteoblast and osteoclast derives from... | Primitive mesenchymal (stem) cell called osteoprogenitor cell
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| Osteoclast derives from | Macrophage-monocyte cell line
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| Is bone vascularised and metabolically active? | Yes
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| List some of the functions of bone? | *Bone tissue supports fleshly structure
*Protects vital organ e.g. cranial, thoracic cavaty
*Bone marrow, where blood cells are formed
*Reservoir of calcium, phosphate and other ions and their orderly intake and uptake from blood
*Act as lever
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| Shape osteoblast when synthesising osteoid | Large broad cuboidal shape
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| Organelles abundant in osteoblast... | REM,Golgi apparatus
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| Describe the structure of inactive osteoblast? | Narrow attenuated spindle-shaped. Virtually undetectable except long narrow nucleus.
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| In areas of bone undergoing resorption, osteoclast lie within enzymatically etched depression in matrix known as _________. | Howship's lacunae
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| In active osteoclast, the surface-facing bone matrix is folded into irregular, often subdivided projections, forming __________ . | Ruffled border
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| Role of ruffled border | *Secretes organic acids to dissolve minerals
*Secretes lysosomal proteolytic enzymes to destroy organic osteoid matrix
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| Osteoclast resorption contributes to... | Bone remodelling in response to growth and mechanical stresses
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| Arrangement of collagen in woven and woven and lamellar bone | random, regular parallel bands
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| Woven and lamellar bones are found in... | Woven ==> Fetal bone development Lamellar ==> Adult bone
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| Rapidly formed ______ bone is eventually remodelled to form ______ lamellar bone. | Woven, Lamellar
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| Name the two types of lamellar bone. | 1) Compact (cortical) bone 2) Cancellous (medullary) bone
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| Diaphysis is occupied by _________ bone | Compact
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| Medullary cavity is occupied by _______ bone | Cancellous
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| Cancellous bone consists of a network of fine, ______ plates called _______ separated by intercommunicating spaces. | irregular, trabeculae
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| Articular cartilage are found in which bone region? | Epiphysis
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| Periosteum | External fibrous surface of the bone which inserts muscle, tendons and ligaments.
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| Endosteum | Covers innter surface of bones, including trabeculae of cancellous bone
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