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Heart murmurs
4 types of heart murmurs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Stenotic murmurs | - occurs when a valve is open; prevents adequate forward flow through thick, stiff valves; causes harsh murmurs |
| Regurgitant murmurs | occurs when a valve is closed; also referred to as insufficiency; results in backward flow due to poor valve closure; causes turbulent sound |
| Systolic murmurs | heard in systole after S1; aortic/pulmonic stenosis - when semilunar valves are open; mitral/tricuspic insufficiency - when AV valves are closed |
| Diastolic murmurs | heard in diastole after S2; mitral/tricuspid stenosis - when AV valves are open; aortic/pulmonic insufficiency - when semilunar valves are closed |
| Causes of murmurs | increased velocity (exercise) decreased viscosity (thin) decreased volume )anemia) defective valves (forward or backward flow) septal defects (ABN openings betweeen chambers) |