| Question |
Answer |
| What is the historical definition of physiologoy? |
Study of function - How does it work? |
| The study of living systems is what type of definition for physiology? |
Mechanistic Definition |
| What type of an approach veiws the human as more than just a sum of his/her parts? |
Vitalism |
| Why is physiology important? |
1. Be able to understand the human body 2. Diagnosis 3. Explanations 4. Treatment 5. Understanding research and applications to your practice |
| What percentage range of the body is composed of water? |
55% - 80% |
| The average % of water compostion for the adult body is? |
56% |
| Normal full hydration is what percentage of water composition? |
72% |
| The american surgeon general states ___________ is the next major medical problem in the U.S. |
Obesity |
| What country is the most obese population in history? |
U.S. |
| If you were to cash in the total amount of elements in your body to pay for your Chiropractic Education what dollar amount would you receive? |
$3.86 |
| What ration of the bodies water is extracellular? |
1/3 |
| What ration of the bodies water is intracellular? |
2/3 |
| Water within the body is in constant motion via ________? |
Osmosis |
| What are the main ions found in extracellular and intracellular fluid? |
Na+, K+, Cl- |
| Other than Na+, K+, Cl- what else is found in extracellular and intracellular fluid? |
Nutrients, O2, Glucose, Fatty Acids, Amino Acids, Cellular Waste Products such as: CO2, H+, and large amounts of Heat. |
| What nutrients are found in intracellular fluid? |
O2, Glucose, Fatty Acids, and Amino Acids |
| Who came up with the concept of Homeostasis? |
Claude Bernard |
| What is homeostasis? |
The maintenance of constant internal conditions - Temp., pH, osmolality, fluid vol., blood gasses, nutrition, waste removal, metabolism, ion concentrations, etc. |
| What regulates homestasis? |
1. Nervous Control 2. Endocrine Control 3. Reproduction 4. Intrinsic Control |
| What is the function of intrinsic control? |
Trys to maintain the same position |
| How many homeostatic controls are in the human body? |
Thousands |
| What is the function of homeostatic controls? |
Maintain intra and extracellular environments |
| How are Homeostatic Controls regulated? |
Negative Feedback, Positive Feedback, and Feedforward |
| How many systems maintain blood circulation? |
9 |
| How many systems maintain ion concentration? |
22 |
| The more systems that maintain a particular function - the more important that function is. What is the purpose of having numerous systems governing 1 function? |
It provides a fail safe in that if one of the sytems is impaired than the body can still carry out normal funcion through the remaining systems |
| Which regulatory method acts like a thermostat? |
Negative Feedback |
| What is the measure of effectiveness of a system? |
Gain |
| How is Gain calculated? |
Compensation / Study State Error |
| What is the % effeciency of body temp. regulation? |
93% - 97% |
| What type of regulatory method makes compenstaions before changes actually occur? |
Feedforward or Adaptive - this requires two or more sensors |
| Name two examples of feedforward or adaptive mechanisms? |
1. Temp. regulation 2. pH regulation |
| What type of homestatic control system is the least common in the human body? |
Positive feedback |
| A stimulus to increase stimulus that leads to an event which stops the process describes what type of regulatory method? |
Positive feedback |
| What is most common cause of positive feedback mechanisms? |
Typically a pathological cause |
| Name 3 examples of nonpatholgical types of positive feedback mechanisms? |
1. Blood Clot Formation 2. Parturtion (childbirth) 3. Generation of neural impulses |
Biology Lab Midterm
