Heart/Vessels
| Description: | A -- Heart and Vessels Disorders |
| Category: | Anatomy |
| Created by: | justice2 on 2004-10-14 |
| Description/Question | Answer |
| This abnormal sound is ascultated over arteris that have a constriction in blood flow through them. | Bruit (pronounced brewey) |
| How should the patient be positioned for inspection of jugular veins for distention and pulsation? | reclining at 45 degrees |
| Name at least 5 ways you can assess sufficiency in the extremities of arteries and veins.. | color, skin texture, nail changes, presence of hair, muscular atrophy, edema, varicose veins |
| Caused by defects in the pulmonary vascular bed, pulmonary hypertension, and left-to-right shunts, less commn than but usually occurs with left ventricle hypertrophy. | Right ventricle hypertrophy |
| This sinoatrial node dsyfunction may be secondary to hypertension, arterioclerotic heart disease, rheumatic fever, or idiopathic. | Sick sinus syndrome |
| Bacterial infection of the endocardial layer of heart and valves. | Bacterial endocarditis |
| This disorder is many times seen in IV drug users and Janeway leseions and osler modes are characteristic of it. | Bacterial endocarditis |
| A failure of the heart to propel blood forward, resulting in congestion in the pulmonary or systemic circulation. | Congestive heart failure |
| Researchers found that jugular vein distention was the most helping finding in diagnosing this disorder, although dyspnea, orthopnea, tachycardia, and crackles in lungs can also correlate. | congestive heart failure |
| This disorder is the result of inflammation in the pericardium resulting in chest pain, minicking life threatening cardiac conditions. | Pericarditis |
| The key clinical finding in this disorder is friction rub upon ascultation, and may worsen with pericardial effusion and resultant cardiac tamponade. | Pericarditis |
| An excessive accumulation of effused fluid or blood via trauma to the chest wall between the pericardium and the heart resulting in a constraint in cardiac relaxation, impairing the access of blood to the right heart. | Cardiac tamponade |
| This is an enlargement in the right ventricle secondary to pulmonary malfunction; can lead to atrial hypertension, loud S2 sound in pulmonic area. | Cor Pulmonale |
| After a car accident, patient presents to the ER with jugular vein distention, increased liver size, cardiac tamponade, rapid weak pulse, BP 90/68, and dyspnea... one may suspect what condition? | hemopericardium |
| Ischemic myocardial necrosis caused by an abrupt decrease in coronary blood flow to a segment of the myocardium. | Myocardial infartion |
| Symptoms of this include cruching substernal pain, visceral pain radiating to the jaw, neck, left arm, may have soft blowing murmur, pulse maybe thready, and distant heart sound. | Myocardial infarction |
| Elevation of this 8-12 hours after a suspected MI can be confirmatory. | Triponin I |
| Elevation of this 4-6 hrs, with a peak in 14-30hrs, after a suspected MI can be confirmatory. | CK MB |
| This is a rapid, regular HR (200/min) as a result of electrical stimulation originating in a focus other than the atrium seperate from the SA node. | Atrial tachycardia |
| Atrial tachycardia, which is usually seen in young adults, can respond to what physical treatments. | Holding breath, gentle carotid massage, vagal stimulation |
| Tetrology of fallot involves what four cardiac defect. | ventricle septal defect, pulmonic defect (narrowed pulmonic trunk), dextroposition of the aorta, rt. ventricle hypertrophy |
| Central cyanois and dsypnea with loss of consciousness in an infant is life threatening and indicative of what condition? | Tetrology of Fallot |
| Symptoms of this defect include: holosystolic murmur that is loud, high-pitched, along left sternal margin, and doesnt radiate to the neck; also a thrill may be palpable. | ventricle septal defect |
| This is a congenital stenosis of the aorta near the origin of the left subclavian artery and the ligamentum arteriosum. | Coarctation of the aorta |
| When palpating the radial and femoral pulses simutaneously, noting a delay and/or diminished of amplitude of the femoral pulse and also having BP in legs lower than upper extremities may indicate. | coarctation of the aorta |
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Right atrium Right ventricle Left atrium Left ventricle Right auricle Left auricle Pulmonary trunk Right pulmonary artery Left pulmonary artery Aorta Superior vena cava Inferior vena cava Right pulmonary veins Left pulmonary veins Coronary sulcus Anterior interventricular sulcus Posterior interventricular sulcus Internal Structure: Right atrium Coronary sinus Tricuspid valve Papillary muscles Right ventricle Left Atrium Bicuspid valve Left ventricle Chordae tendineae Interventricular septum Pulmonary semilunar valve Aortic semilunar valve Remnants of fetal structures: Fossa ovalis Ligamentum arteriosus Heart wall and serous membranes: Pericardial cavity Pericardial sac Endocardium Myocardium Epicardium Blood flow through the heart: 1. Deoxygenated (blue)blood flows from: Superior and inferior vena cava and coronary sinus to Right atrium, through Tricuspid valve to Right ventricle, through Pulmonary semilunar valve to Pulmonary trunk to Alveoli of lungs 2. Oxygenated (red) blood flows from: Alveoli of lungs to Pulmonary veins (4) to Left atrium, through Bicuspid valve to Left ventricle, through Aortic semilunar valve to Aorta, to entire body except... |
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