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Micro Final

Viruses

QuestionAnswer
Peter Meadewor "Piece of Bad News Wrapped Up"
A piece of genetic marterial (RNA or DNA) wrapped up in a protein coat called a capsid. Virus
Nucleocapsid Virion
Virion Virus particle
Virus No metabolic activity; No organelles; No cystosol; No liquid
There may be some enyzmes within host. Enyzmes are not active in the virus. Just taken with them from the host Virus
Basic structure Nucleic acid, Capsid, Membrane envelop
Envelop Bilipid layer around Nucleocaspid
Acquired when it exjt the host envelop
Envelop used for protection(hide form immune system of host).
Used for recognition for attachment Envelop
Also fused with another cell of host Envelop
Capsomere Protein subunits of the capsid
Naked virus Non-evelope virion
Spikes carbohydrate-protein complexes that project fromthe surface of the envelopes;
Used by some viruses to attach to host. Spikes
bacteriophages or phages viruses that can infect bacteria
obligatory intracellular parasites absolutely require living host cellss in order to multiply.
the spectrum of host cells the virus can infect. host range
Nucleic acid structure DNA or RNA
Single or double standed: RNA may pair up Nucleic acid structure
Linear, circular, or segmented chromosomes Nucleic acid structure
Nucleic acid structure RNA genomes unique to viruses
Nucleic acid enclosed by a capsid
Capsomere Individual subunits that make up the capsid
Has 1 protein or more proteins capsid
capsid proteins useful in identification; highly specific
helical viruses resemble long rods that may be rigid or flexible
Ex: Ebola hemorrhagic fever and rabies helical viruses
Ex: Tobacco Mosiac Virus and SARS helical capsid
polyhedral capsid many sided
2 types of capsid helical & polyhedral
Icosahedron capsid 20 sides
Ex: Poliovirus icosahedral virus
Complex capsid bacteriophages
Ex: rabies complex virus
Ex:Poliomyelitis & herpes simplex & Rubella polyhedral
Can live on surfaces naked virion
naked virion more resistant to harsh conditions.
A virus that is very fragile. An envelope virus
Contracted by droplet nuleci or blood or sexual contact An envelope virus
Poxvirus small pox
Paramyxovirus Influzena
Larger viruses about 200 to 300 nanometer poxvirus & paramyxovirus
Old scheme (host) Based what they could infect
Based on the DNA or RNA they have New scheme
ICTV International Committee of Taxnomy on Viruses
Virus classification RNA, DNA, nucleic acid, shape, envelope, and size
Classification naming ICTV
lytic cycle ends with the lysis and death of the host cell
lysogenic cyle host cell remains alive
Attachment, penetration, synthesis, assembley, and release Lytic replication of bacteriophage
attachment phage attaches to host cell
penetration phage pentrates host cell and injects its DNA using an enzyme called lysozyme in its tail to break the host cell walls down to enter the cell
synthesis phage DNA directs synthesis of viral components by the host cell
viral components are assembled into virions maturation
release host cell lyses and new virions are released
lysogeny the phage reamins latent (inactive)
prophage the circle can recombine with and become part of the circular bacterial DNA
RNA viruses (non-envelope) Picornavirus
Reovirus RNA viruses (non-envelope)
RNA viruses (envelope) Toga virus; Rhabdovirus; Coronvirus; Orthomyxovirus; Paramyovirus; Bunyavirus; Arena virus; Retrovirus
Picornavirus 24 hr bug/Cold/Hep A
Reovirus Gasterointestinal/Respiratory Infections
German Measles/Rubella Toga virus
Rabies Rhabdovirus
Coronavirus SARS
Influena Orthomyxovirus
Measles Paramyxovirus
Bunyavirus/Huntavirus Hemoraic fever
Arenavirus Alsa fever
Retrovirus HIV/Human T-cell leukemia
DNA (non-envelope) viruses Parvovirus; Papovirus; Adenovirus
Hepadnavirus; Poxvirus; Herpesvirus DNA (envelope) Viruses
Erythemia (5th disease) Parvovirus
Papovavirus Papilloma causes warts on epitheial cells
Adenovirus Cause respiratory infections
Hep B Hepadnavirus
Poxvirus Smallpox/Cowpox
Herpes virus Chicken pox; Shingles; Oral & Vaginal Herpes
Created by: mgree057
 

 



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