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MICRO3

Immunological Assays

QuestionAnswer
What are myeloma cells? Cells that grow forever like cancer, but don't make antibodies.
How are they killed? When treated with hypoxanthine
What are the type of antigens that are produced in this reaction? Monoclonal antibodies
What are monoclonal antibodies? they can only see ONE antigen
What's wrong with the b-cells already in the body before adding the myeloma cells? Make antibodies, but don't grow in culture
What happens when the cells fuse together? They make antibody, grow forever, and are not sensitive to hypoxanthine
How would you produce monoclonal antibodies? you'd need to mix the myeloma cells with some of the b-cells in the body and they'd fuse to form hybrid cells.
What are the clones called when the hybrid stuff dividies? Hybridoma
What do we do with the hybridoma? We see which ones make a specific antibody we want, so we isolate them and make an antibody we want
ANTIBODY REACTIONS ANTIBODY REACTIONS
PRECIPITATION PRECIPITATION
What kind of an antigen is needed for this reaction? one with at least TWO antibody binding sites
What concentrations are critical for this reaction? Why? both antigen and antibody; they dictate the curve
What ration is the curve based on? Ratio of antigen to antibody
When does the max amount of precipitate form? What does that look like? In zone of equivalanence; looks like a flat line
What are the three zones in the curve? What do each look like? Zone of antibody excess (increase), equivalence (flat), and antigen excess (decrease)
AGGULITANTION with what antibody/ IgM
FIG. 18.11 FLOURENSCENSE ANTIBODY FLOURESENCE
What are the advantages of the FACS technique? Can see how much antigen is on each cell, can sort cells based on antigen, VERY POWERFUL
Disadvantages? Very EXPENSIVE
What are the steps involved in this process? Flourescent Ab bind to cell, cells line up, machine sees how big cells are, sees how bright antibody is, and sort cell
What does the brightness of the Ab indicate? how much antigen is on cell
What should you associate monoclonal antibodies with? Mouse, wells, myeloma cells
What is the difference between monoclonal antibodies and antibodies? NONE really, but I guess monoclonal antibodies divide forever
What must you have for the percepetation reaction to happen? Antigen with TWO antibody binding sites
Best way to increase drug resistance? Enzymatic destruction of the drug
Created by: talkglitter2486
 

 



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