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Voice: Respiratory S
Stack #66083
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| pulmonary system | the lungs and airways |
| chest-wall system | rib cage, abdomen, diapharagm |
| Upper respiratory system (URS) | oral and nasal cavities and the pharynx |
| lower respeiratory system (LRS) | the larynx, the bronchial system and the lungs |
| LRS | trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli and lungs |
| bronchial tree | trachea, bronchi and bronchioles |
| cilia | act as a filtering system to clean the air going into the lungs |
| surfactant | keep alveoli in an inflated state |
| thoracic cavity | houses the lungs |
| external intercostal | run betweeen the ribs and pull the rib cage upward and outward during inspiration |
| internal intercostals | pull down on and lower the entire rib cage, thus decreasing the volume of the thoracic cavity |
| Pleural linkage | the negative pressure within the pleural spacce between the visceral and parietal pleurae that attaches the lungs and thorax and forces them to operate as a unit |
| lung volumes | single nonoverlapping values |
| lung capacities | include two or more lung volumes |
| Resting expiratory leve (REL) | a state of equilibrium in the respiratory system |
| Tidal volume | volume of air inhaled and exhaled during a cycle of respiration |
| inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) | volume of air that can be inhaled abouve TV |
| expiratory reseve volume (ERV) | volume of air that can be exhaled below |
| vital capacity (VC) | volume of air that can be exhaled after maximum inhalation includes IRV + TV + ERV |
| Funtional residual capacity (FRC) | Volume of air remaining in the lungs and airways at the end-expiratory level (includes ERV + RV) |
| Total lung capacity (TLC) | Total amount of air the lungs can hold (includes TV +ERV+ RV) |
| Perception of two pitches at the same time | diplophonia |
| voluntary shifts in Fo are known as | pitch breaks |
| myoelastic aerodynamic theory | based on the fact that phonation is a muscle activity with active involvement of elasticy of the muscles and the changes in air pressure and air flow |
| Respiratory characteristices of Parkinson's disease | changes in chest wall shape, rigidity of chest wall muscles results in reduced movement of the rib cage and more dispalcement of the abdoment, reduced VC, reduced oral pressure |
| characteristics of cerebellar disease | reduced VC although TLC may be normal, abrupt changes in motions of the chest wall, utterances initiated below normal lung volumes, sometimes even below REL |
| characteristics of cervical spinal cord injury | difficulty generating normal pressures and flows, reduced loudness, imprecise, fewere than normal syllabels per breath, abnormally small VC, IRV<, ERV |
| characteristices ro cerebral palsy | reduced pressures and volumes during speech, reduced VC, difficulty accessing IRV and ERV due to inspiratory muscle weakness, high airflows for speech due to insufficient valving |
| characteristics of patients on mechanical ventilator | tracheal pressure abnormally high, unable to control timeing of ventilator cycles, excessivly high tidal volume, smaller number of syllables per breath |
| characteristics of the hearing impaired | begin exhaling for speech at below normal lung volumes, excessive air expenditure per syllable, end utterances below FRC, breathy voice, force to pause more often |
Created by:
dbrinker