click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
IPC.KEG.Pulmonary Rv
Pulmonary Review.Schauer
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Sternal angle | Angle of Louis: adjacent to 2nd rib |
Tactile fremitus | "99" whispered; chest palpated with hands |
When is tactile fremitus decreased? | Obstructed bronchus, atelectasis, COPD, asthma, pleural effusion, fibrosis, pneumothorax, infiltrating tumor, thick chest wall |
When is tactile fremitus increased? | Lobar pneumonia, consolidation |
Describe proper percussion technique. | Pleximeter finger next to skin, plexor finger strikes against pleximeter finger |
When do you hear dullness in percussion? | Lobar pneumonia, pleural effusion, hemothorax, empyema, fibrous tissue, tumor |
When do you hear hyperresonance during percussion? | Emphysema, asthma, pneumothorax |
Normal diaphragmatic excursion | 5-6 cm |
Vesicular | Normal over most of both lungs, inspiratory > expiratory, soft |
Bronchovesicular | Normally over 1st and 2nd interspaces anteriorly and between scapulae, inspiratory = expiratory, intermediate in volume |
Bronchial | Over manubrium, inspiratory < expiratory, loud |
Tracheal | Over trachea in neck, inspiratory = expiratory, very loud |
Normal breath sounds | Vesicular, bronchovesicular, bronchial, tracheal |
Adventitious lung sounds | crackles, wheezes rhonchi, stridor, pleural rub |
Crackles/Rales | Bubbles flowing through secretions. Present in pneumonia, fibrosis, CHF |
Wheezes | High pitched, hissing, musical, present in asthma, COPD, bronchitis |
Rhonchi | Low pitched, snoring quality, sugests secretions in large airways |
Stridor | Inspiratory, high pitched, suggests obstruction in larynx, trachea |
Pleural rub | Inflamed pleural surfaces grate against each other |
Transmitted Voice Sounds | Bronchophony, Egophony, Whispered Pectoriloquy |
Bronchophony | Spoken words louder, cleaner, increased over area of consolidation as in pneumonida, pulmonary edema, pulmonary hemorrhage |
Egophony | Spoken "ee" heard as "ay," increased over area of consolidation as in pneumonia, pulmonary edema, pulmonary hemorrhage |
Whispered pectoriloquy | Whispered words louder and clearer. Increased as in egophony and bronchophony. |
Deformities of Thorax | Barrel Chest = COPD, Funnel Chest = Pectus excavatum, Pigeon Chest = Pectus Carinatum |