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atomic radii
Stack #53447
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| different kinds of periodic trends | atomic radii, ionization energy effective nuclear charge electron affinity/negativity |
| atomic radii | onehalf the distance between the nuclei of identical atoms that are bonded together |
| trend of atomic radii | increases left and down |
| ionization energy | the energy required to remove one electron from a neutral atom in an element |
| trend of ionization energy | increases up and right |
| atomic radii explanation | smaller radiuosdes move across because nucleus has increasing positive charge and can therefore pull electrons closer yoiu fill successively higher energy levels as you move down a group so radius gets larger |
| ionization energy explanation | higher ie as you move across because nucleus has increasing has positive charge so it makes it harder to remove an electron since valence electrons are farther apart as you move down a colomn they are easier to be removed |
| effective nuclear charge | is less than the total nuclear charge or amount of protons to an atom |
| shielding | the repulsion from electrons closer to the nucleus to the nucleus |
| electron affinity | energy change that occurs when an electron is aquired by a neutral atom |
| trend for electron affinity | increases up and both sides |
| noble gases | arent included in electron affinity because theyt have a value of zero they are balanced |
| groups like noble gases | group 2 and 12 |
| electron affinity explanation | higher electron affinity as you move across nucleus has increasing positive charge lower as you move down beause increased atomic radii and increased shielding |
| electron negativity | a measure of the ability of an atom in a compound to atract an electron |
| trend of electron negativity | increases to the right and up |
| explanation electron negativity | they want filled valence shell 8 electrons atoms on the right are closer to having a filled electron shell as you go up a colomn the electrons are closer to the nucleus so there is a greater pull on the electrons and thats why the electro negativity incre |
| an ion | an atom or group of atoms with ppositive or negative charge |
| cations | positive ions |
| anions | negative ions |
| oxidation states | a number assigned to an atom in an ion that indicate how many electron the atom has lost or gained |
| octet rule | an ion generally adopts the electron configuration of the noble gas in the row in it or above it |
| alkali metals | lose an electron |
| alkaline earth metals | lose 2 electronsd |
| halogens | gain 1 electron |
| polyatomic ions | a charged group of covalently bonded atoms |
Created by:
lilee256