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Chapter 2-64
All About Numbers
Question | Answer |
---|---|
absolute value | The absolute value of a number is its distance from 0 on the number line and is indicated by drawing a bar on each side of the number. For example, l -20 l reads: "the absolute value of -20". |
composite number | A whole number greater than 1 with more than two factors. For example, 12 is a composite number since it is greater than 1 and has more than two factors. In fact it has 6 factors: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12. |
equivalent fractions | Fractions that describe the same portion of a whole. For example, 3/4, 9/12, 30/40 are all equivalent fractions because they represent the same portion of a whole. |
exponent | A small raised number that tells how many times a factor is multiplied. |
factor [students get factor and multiple mixed up so be careful] | A factor of a whole number is another whole number that divides into it without a remainder. For example, the factors of 24 are 1,2,3,4,6,8,12,and 24. A factor can never be larger than the number. |
factor pair | A factor pair for a number is two factors whose product equals that number. For example, the factor pairs for 24 are 1 and 24, 2 and 12, 3 and 8 and 4 and 6. |
greatest common factor (GCF) | The greatest common factor (often abbreviated "GCF") of two or more numbers is the greatest of their common factors. For example, the greatest common factor of 24 and 36 is 12. |
least common multiple (LCM) | The least common multiple (often abbreviated "LCM") of two or more numbers is the smallest of their comon multiples. For example, the least common multiple of 6 and 15 is 30. |
mixed number | A mixed number is a whole number and a fraction. For example, 12 3/4 is a mixed number. |
multiple | A multiple of a whole number is the product of that number and another number whole number. For example, 35 is a multiple of 7 since 7 x 5 is 35 OR 35 is a multiple of 5 since 5 x 7 is 35. |
opposites | Two numbers that are the same distance from 0 on the number line, but on different sides of 0. For example, 35 and -35 are opposites. |
prime factorization | The prime factorization of a composite number shows that number written as a product of prime numbers. For example, the prime factorization of 98 is 2 x 7 x 7. |
prime number | A prime number is a whole number greater than 1 with only two factors: itself and 1. For example, 13 is a prime number since it only has two factors, 13 and 1. |
relatively prime | Two or more numbers are relatively prime if their only common factor is 1. For example, 7 and 8 are relatively prime. |
repeating decimal | A repeating decimal is a decimal with a pattern of digits that repeat without stopping. For example, 0.23232323 is a repeating decimal. Repeating decimals are usually written with a bar over the repeating digits. |
fraction | A fraction can be used to describe part of a whole or to name a number between two whole numbers. |
numerator | A numerator is the top number in a fraction. It describes the number of equal sized parts |
denominator | The denominator is the bottom number in a fraction. It describes how many equal-sized parts form a whole. |
lowest terms | A fraction is in its lowest terms if its numerator and denominator are relatively prime. |
negative number | A negtive number is less than 0. For example, -18 (read negative eighteen) is a negative number |
positive number | A positive number is a number that is greater than 0. For example, 28 is a positive number. |