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NervousSystem Stains
Stains for Nervous System tissue
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anatomically, the nervous system is divided into what 2 parts? | CNS Central Nervous System and PNS Peripheral Nervous System. |
| Functionally, the nervous system is divided into what 2 groups? | Somatic and Autonomic |
| Is Somatic voluntary or involuntary? | Voluntary |
| Is Autonomic voluntary or involuntary? | Involuntary |
| Histologically, name four cells or cell processes that are demonstrated with Nervous System Stains? | 1. Neurons. 2. Myelin. 3.Glial Fibers. 4. Nerve Fibers. |
| This cell contains predominantly euchromatin and a very prominent nucleolus? | Neuron |
| This is also known as tigroid substance or chromidal substance? | Nissle Substance |
| Two types of nerve cell processes that arise from the neuron cell body are? | Axons and Dendrites. |
| This is referred to as 'nerve glue"? | Neuroglia |
| List the four types of glial cells? | 1. oligodendroglia. 2. Astrocytes. 3. Microglia. 4. Ependymal Cells |
| Neuron cell bodies vary is shape and are generally larger or smaller than other cells? | Larger. |
| This is basophilic material in the cytoplasm of a neuron? | Nissle Substance |
| This type of nerve cell process is usually short, highly branched? | Dendrite |
| This type of nerve cell process is referred to as nerve fibers and functions to carry nerve inpulses over long distances? | Axons |
| These are small cells that produce and maintain the myelin sheath surrounding many axons? | Oligodendroglia |
| These cells are star shaped? | Astrocytes |
| This produces the myelin sheath that covers many axons? | Neuroglia |
| What is the range size in microns of neuron cells? | 4 to 135 microns. |
| Ultrastructurally, this material can be identified as large aggregations of rough endoplasmic reticulum with the RNA content providing the basis for demonstration by staining? | Nissl Substance. |
| This nerve cell process serves as the major site of information input for the neuron? | Dendrite |
| This cell has a nucleus that contains predominantly euchromatin and a very prominent nucleolus? | Neuron |
| This tends to dissapear when a neron is injured and is useful in assessing neuronal damage? | Nissl Substance |
| This regulates the neuronal microenviornment? | Neuroglia |
| These cells are found in gray and white matter? | Oligodendroglia |
| These cells functions include exchange of fluids, gases and metabolites among nerve tissue, blood and cerebrospinal fluid, scar formation when injury or trauma occurs to the CNS and provides support for the nerve fiber tract? | Astrocytes. |
| These cells are fixed phagocytic cells found throughpout the brain and spinal cord? | Microglia |
| These cells are true epithelial cells that line the ventricles and spinal cord? | Ependymal Cells. |
| This is a complex, white, fatty, nonliving material containing protein, cholesterol, phospholipids and cerebrosides? | Myelin |
| In response to injury or disease that breaks THIS down, a simple lipid that becomes increasingly sudanophilic is formed? | Myelin |
| Luxol Fast Blue and Iron Hematoxylin are used to demonstate this? | Myelin Sheath |
| These cells form a selective barrier between the cerebrospinal fluid and the nerve tissue? | Ependymal Cells |
| The purpose of this stain is for the identification of NEURONS or loss of NISSL substance? | Cresyl Echt Violet |
| The purpose of this stain is for the demonstration of nerve fibers, neurofibillary tangles and senile plaques in Alheimer's disease. | Bielchowsky |
| This stain also can be used to demonstrate granules in some carcinoid tumor cells? | Bielchowsky |
| The purpose of this stain is for the demonstration of glial fibers? | Mallory PTAH stin for glial fibers |
| The purpose of this stain is for the demonstration of glial fibers and areas of gliosis? | Holzer Method for glial fibers. |
| The purpose of this stain is for the demonstration of astrocytes? | Cajal Stain for astrocytes. |
| This stain is for frozen sections cut at 20-30 microns and fixes in formalin ammonium bromide for no less than 2 days but no more than 25 days? | Cajal Stain for astrocytes. |
| These three neuron stains use cerebral cortex and NOT spinal cord as a control? | Mallory PTAH for glial fibers, Holzer Method for glial fibers, and Cajal Stain for astrocytes. |
| The control for this neuron stain is spinal cord? | Cresyl Echt Violet |
| The Control for this stain should use tissue containing plaques and tangles whenever possible? | Bielchowsky |
| These three neuron stains section at 6-8 microns? | Cresyl Echt Violet, Mallory PTAH for glial fibers and Holzer Method for glial fibers. |
| All five of the neuron stains ar fixed in 10% NBF except? | Cajal Stain for astrocytes. (Formalin Ammonium Bromide for no less than 2 days but no more than 25 days) |
| The staining results for this stain are Nissl substance and nuclei stain blue/purple with a colorless background? | Cresyl Echt Violet |
| The staining results for this stain are axon and cytoplasmic neurofibrils stain brown/black, nuerofibillary tangles annd senile plaques stain dark brown/black, neuromelanin and lipofucsin stain black? | Bielchowsky |
| The staining results for this stain are glial fibers, nuclei and myelin stain blue and neurons stain salmon? | Mallory PTAH for glial fibers. |
| The staining results for this stain are Myelin stains blue with a colorless background? | Luxon Fast Blue |
| The staining results for this stain are Glial fibers stain blue with a pale blue to colorless background? | Holzer Method for glial fibers |
| The staining results for this stain are Astrocytes with perivascular feet stain black? | Cajal Stain for astrocytes |
| A special consideration of this stain is that macroscopically, sections may appear unstained leading you to believe that the stain did not work? | Cresyl Echt Violoet |
| A special consideration of this stain is when making the ammoniacal silver solution, leave a few grains of silver in the flask after the first addition of ammonium hydroxide. Excess ammonia must NOT be added? | Bielchowsky |
| A special consideration of this stain is that the staining solution should not exceed 30 degrees celsius and gold sublimate solution must contain both gold chloride and mecuric chloride for effective demonstration of astrocytes? | Cajal Stain for astrocytes. |
| The principle of this stain is restricted to DNA and RNA containing structures? | Cresyl Echt Violet |
| The principle of this stain is the tissue is impregnated with ammonical silver solution? | Bielchowsky |
| The principle of this stain is The phosphotungstic acid in the staining solution is far greater than the hematein and it is beleived that tungsten binds all available hematein to give a blue colored lake? | Mallory PTAH for glial fibers |
| The principle of this stain is due to lipoproteins and the mechanisms is one of an acid-base reaction with salt formation; the base of the lipoprotein replaces the base of the dye? | Luxol Fast Blue |
| The principle of this stain is glial fibers stained with crystal violet are resistant to decolorizing with alkaline aniline-chloroform mixture? | Holzer Method for glial fibers. |
| The principle of this stain is astrocytes are selectively stained with Cajal gold sublimate method on frozen sections. | Cajal stain for astrocytes |
| Mallory PTAH and Holzer for glial fibers both cut at the same micron and use the same control? | 6-8 microns and cerebral cortex |
| Sodium Thiosulfate is used to remove any unreduced silver in this stain? | Bielchowsky |
| What is the control used for Luxol Fast Blue? | Spinal cord or medulla |
| The staining solution for this stain should not exceed 30 degrees celsius? | Cajal |
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