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Human Body 1
Human Body Review - Pt. 1 5 body systems
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The type of digestion that involves physically tearing, smashing, or grinding food. | Mechanical digestion |
| The type of digestion that involves chemical changes. | Chemical Digestion |
| The 6 different nutrients needed for the body to operate are carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, minerals and ??? | Water |
| One of the main functions of the digestive system is to remove ____ _________ from the body. | Solid waste |
| Your cells use_____ and oxygen which produces energy, carbon dioxide and water. | Sugar |
| Which chemical first begins chemical digestion? | Saliva |
| What structure is the 'food tube'? | Esophagus |
| Gastric juices break down food here (chemical) | Stomach |
| Smooth muscles churn food here (mechanical digestion) | Stomach |
| The waves of smooth muscle contraction that moves food down the esophagus. | Peristalsis |
| Here nutrients are now small enough to pass into capillaries of the bloodstream. aka 'absorption'. | Small intestine |
| Extra water is absorbed back into the blood stream here causing remaining food in digestive tract to become more solid | Large Intestine |
| This structure stores solid wastes until they leave the body | Rectum |
| This is the opening through which solid waste exits the body | Anus |
| This structure produces bile which helps break down fats | Liver |
| This structure stores bile before it is delivered to the small intestine through the bile duct. | Gall bladder |
| This structure secretes enzymes and neutralizes stomach acid (chemical digestion) | Pancreas |
| This nutrient is the main energy source for most people | Carbohydrates |
| Name the nutrient catagory: sweets, cereals, breads, potatoes | Carbohydrates |
| Name the nutrient catagory: another energy source, can be unhealthy, most have large amt. of sticky cholesterol. | Fats |
| These compounds build solids in the body, like skin, muscle, hair, etc. A good energy source. | Proteins |
| Name the nutrient catagory: undigestable plant material like peels, oats, seeds | Fiber |
| Organic compounds that keep your cells and tissues healthy. Found in fruits, vegetables. | Vitamins |
| Inorganic compounds that keep the cells and tissue healthy. Example: iron, sodium | minerals |
| This substance provides no energy or nutritional value but is the most important nutrient! Keeps everything in the body working well. | Water |
| Which body system's function is transporting materials? | Circulatory System |
| Which body system's function is gas exchange? | Respiratory System |
| Which body system's function is breaking down food into useable form? | Digestive system |
| Which body system's function is sending messages throughout the body? | Nervous system |
| Which body system's function is regulating body function with hormones? | Endocrine system |
| What small hook-like organ in the digestive system has no apparent function? | Appendix |
| These are chemicals that control how other organs function | Hormones |
| Adrenaline is an example of a ?? | Hormone |
| These organs produce and release hormones. | Glands |
| This is the MASTER gland which controls, growth, puberty, etc. | pituitary gland |
| The pituitary gland is found in the ??? | Brain |
| This gland controls body temperature. | Hypothalamus |
| The hypothalamus is found in the ??? | Brain |
| This gland controls metabolism and weight gain/loss | Thyroid |
| These 4 glands control calcium in the body (great for nerve function!) | Parathyroids |
| These glands makes adrenaline | Adrenals |
| This gland secretes INSULIN and helps cells absorb blood sugar. | Pancreas |
| Another name for gonads | Sex glands |
| The male gonads | testis |
| The female gonads | Ovaries |
| Goiter is a disorder of what gland? | Thyroid |
| The ____ system controls all other body systems. | Nervous |
| The ____ _____ _______ is made up of the brain and spinal cord. | Central Nervous System |
| The ___ and spinal cord make up the CNS. | brain |
| The _____ nervous system is made up of nerves that connect all areas of the body to the central nervous system. | Peripheral |
| _____ neurons carry a response signal from the brain to various parts of the body. | Motor |
| _____ neurons send signals from the body to the brain. | Sensory |
| This organ is THE BIG BOSS of the entire body | Brain |
| This part of the brain controls movement, senses, memory, and thinking | Cerebrum |
| This part of the brain coordinates muscles and balance | Cerebellum |
| This part of the brain controls involuntary life functions like breathing and heart beat. | Medulla oblongata |
| This disorder can occur if the skull slams into the brain, shocking it. | Concussion |
| This disorder effects communication and loss of memory | Alzheimer's disease |
| This disorder involves shaking, loss of muscular control and coordination. | Parkinson's disease |
| This can occur when a clot forms in a brain's blood vessel. Can cause death of brain tissue, or facial droop | Stroke |
| The main function of the respiratory system | Gas exchange |
| What gas is taken into the body in the respiratory system? | oxygen |
| What gas is the waste product of the respiratory system? | Carbon Dioxide |
| This muscle controls breathing by controlling the expansions and contraction of the lungs | Diaphragm |
| This is the entry/exit for gas exchange | Nose/mouth |
| Another name for the trachea | Windpipe |
| This structure carries gas to/from the bronchi | Trachea (or windpipe) |
| These are the two branches of the trachea leading to the right and left lungs | Bronchus |
| These are the branching parts of the bronchi leading to the lungs | Bronchioles |
| These are tiny sacs at the end of the bronchiole; are surrounded by capillaries. | Alveoli |
| These sac-like organs are make of many, many alveoli; expand and contract to allow for inhaling and exhaling. | Lungs. |
| The main function of the circulatory system | Transport! Transport! Transport! |
| The circulatory system delivers ______ and oxygen to all cells in the body. | nutrients |
| Besides nutrients, the circulatory system delivers ___ to all cells in the body. | Oxygen |
| This structure pumps blood to all parts of the body | Heart |
| These structures carry blood | Blood vessels |
| These vessels carry blood AWAY from heart | Arteries |
| These vessels carry blood TO the heart | Veins |
| These structures are the smallest blood vessels that connect arteries and veins. | Capillaries |
| This liquid carries nutrients and wastes | Blood |
| This liquid carries cells to fight infections | blood |
| What is the element of life? All once-living and living things are chiefly made of this! | Carbon |
Created by:
nmerson