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BIO161 - Urinary Sys

Urinary System

QuestionAnswer
What does the urinary system consist of? kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra
Where are the kidneys located? between T12 & L3 vertebrae towards the back of the body; the right kidney is slightly lower than the lef
What is the concave (medial) portion of the kidney called? What is attached here? the concave portion is the hilus; the renal vein, renal artery, ureter, nerve, and lymphatics attach here
What are the 2 layers of the kidney? the outer layer is the fibrous renal capsule; the next layer is the adipose renal capsule
What are the inner and outer portions of the kidney called? outer is the cortex; inner is the medulla
Where are the adrenal glands located? What is their function? the adrenal glands are on the superior pole of the kidneys; they are endocrine glands that secrete hormones
What is the blood supply of the kidney? aorta -> renal artery -> afferent arteriole -> glomerulus -> efferent arterioles -> peritubular capillaries and vasa recta -> renal vein -> IVC
What is special about the blood supply of the kidney? It is the only organ in the body where arteries enter and leave (afferent & efferent)
What does urine contain? (i.e. what do the kidneys eliminate?) urea, uric acid, ammonia, creatinine
What doesn't pass through the filtration membrane? large proteins
What is another name for urination? micturition
What is the basic functional unit of the kidney? how many exist per kidney? nephron; 1 million
What are the parts of the nephron? glomerulus, proximal convulted tube (PCT), loop of Henle, collecting duct
What is the glomerulus? what is it's function? consists of a tuft of capillaries, surrounded by the Bowman's capsule; fxn - filters blood
What is the renal corpuscle? consists of the glomerulus and the Bowman's capsule
What is the function of the proximal convuluted tuber? reabsorption of 95% of filtered water; reabsorbs all glucose & amino acids; some sodium, potassium and hydrogen ions
What are the components of the loop of Henle? descending LOH, ascending LOH, distal convulted tube (DCT)
What are the functions of the distal convulted tube? to concentrate urine; secretion of potassium, urea, uric acid, drugs; reabsorbs water under the influes of ADH; reabsorption of sodium & water under the influence of aldosterone
What is ADH? anti-diuretic hormone; influences the DCT to reabsorb water
How many nephrons per collecting duct? 8-10 nephrons empty their contents into each collecting duct
Track urine from the collecting duct to exit from the body: collecting duct -> renal papillae -> minor calyces (8-10) -> major calyces (2-3)-> renal pelvis -> ureter -> urinary bladder
Created by: debmurph
 

 



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