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med-math
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ac | before meals |
| pc | after meals |
| daily | every day; daily |
| q.d / qd | every day; daily- Do Not Use |
| bid | Twice a day |
| tid | Three times a day |
| qid | Four times a day |
| qh | Every hour |
| at bedtime | At bedtime, hour of sleep |
| hs/ h.s. | at bedtime, hour of sleep- Do Not Use |
| qn | every night |
| stat | Immediately |
| q2h or q2° | Every 2 hours (this drug will be given 12 times in a 24- hour period [24÷2]) |
| q4h or q4° | Every 4 hours (this durg will be given 6 times in a 24-hour period [24÷4]) |
| q6h or q6° | Every 6 hours (this durg will be given 4 times in a 24-hour period [24÷6]) |
| q8h or q8° | Every 8 hours (this durg will be given 3 times in a 24-hour period [24÷8]) |
| q12h or q12° | Every 12 hours (this durg will be given 2 times in a 24-hour period [24÷12]) |
| every other day | Every other day |
| qod /q.o.d | Every other day- Do Not Use |
| prn | As Needed (this abbreviation is usually combined with a time abbreviation) |
| 3 times weekly | Three times per week |
| tiw/ t.i.w. | Three times per week- Do Not Use |
| biw | Twice per week |
| AD - do not use | write out "Right Ear" |
| AL - do not use | write out "Left Ear" |
| AU- do not use | write out "Each Ear" |
| HHN | Hand- Held Nebulizer |
| IM | Intramuscularly |
| Hand- Held Nebulizer | medication is placed in a device that produces a fine spray for inhalation (HHN) |
| Intramuscular Route | the injection is given at a 90° angle into a muscle (IM) |
| Intravenous Route | the injection is given into a vein |
| IVP | Intravenous Push |
| Intravenous Push Route | medication is injected dirently in a vein |
| IVPB | Intravenous Piggyback |
| MDI | Metered- Dose Inhaler |
| NEB | Nebulizer |
| NGT (ng) | Nasogastric Tube |
| OD- do not use | write out "In the right eye" |
| OS- do not use | write out "In the left eye" |
| OU- do not use | write out "In both eyes" |
| po (PO) | By Mouth |
| pr (PR) | In the Rectum |
| Sub-Q or Sub Q | Subcutaneously (do not use sc sq or s.c. s.q.) |
| SL | Sublingual, under the tongue |
| S & S | Swish and Swallow |
| cc | Cubic Centimeter (Subsitute mL) - a measure of volume usually reserved for measuring gases. However, may also be a liquid measure. |
| 1 cc = ? drops from a medicine dropper | 1 cc = 16 drops from a medicine dropper |
| g (gm, Gm) | Gram- a measure of solids; 1 is equal to 2 paper clips |
| kg (Kg) | Kilogram- weight measure |
| 1 kg | 2.2 lb ; 1,000 gm |
| L | Liter |
| 1 Liter | 1,000 mL (milliliters) or 1000 ccs; measure is larger than a quart |
| mcg | Microgram - weight measure |
| μg- Do Not Use | Microgram |
| 1,000 mcg (micrograms) | 1 mg (milligrams) |
| mEq | Milliequivalent - NO equivalent necessary, drugs are prepared and orded inthis weight measure |
| mg | Milligram - weight measure |
| 1,000 mg | 1 gm |
| mL (ml) | Milliliter - liquid measure |
| 1 mL | 1 cc (interchangeable) |
| unit | do not use "U"; do not calculate this measure |
| m | "minim"- the basic unit of measure in the apothecary system, equal to 0.0616 mL |
| 16 minims | 1 cc or 1 ml |
| dr, ʒ | "dram"- liquid measure |
| 1 dr | 4 ml |
| gr - Do Not Use | Grain |
| 1 gr =? (not with the exception of acetaminophen [Tylenol] or aspirin) | 60 mg |
| 1 gr = ? (for acetaminophen [Tylenol] or aspirin order) | 65 mg |
| gtt | "drop"- liguid measure |
| 1 drop | 1 m (minim) |
| pt | Pint |
| qt | Quart |
| tbsp | Tablespoon |
| tsp | Teaspoon |
| oz, ℥ | Ounce |
| cap, caps | Capsule |
| CR | "Controlled Release "- drug has been prepared in a form that allows extended action. Therfore, the drug is given less frequently. |
| LA | "Long Acting"- drug has been prepared in a form that allows extended action. Therfore, the drug is given less frequently. |
| SA | "Sustained Action" - drug has been prepared in a form that allows extended action. Therfore, the drug is given less frequently. |
| SR | "Slow Release" - drug has been prepared in a form that allows extended action. Therfore, the drug is given less frequently. |
| DS | "Double Strength"- drug has been prepared in a form that allows extended action. Therfore, the drug is given less frequently. |
| EC | "Enteric Coated"- tablet is coated with a substance that will not dissolve in the acid secretions of the stomachl instead, it dissolves in the more alkaline secretions of the intestines. |
| el, elix | "Elixir" - drug dissolved in a hydroalcoholic sweetened base |
| sol | "Solution"- drug is contained in a clear liquid preperation |
| sp | "Spirit" - this is an alocholic solution of a volatile substance |
| sup, supp | "Suppository"- solid , cylindrically shaped drug that can be insterted into a body opening (eq, the rectum or vagina) |
| susp | "Suspension"- small particles of drug are dispersed in a liquid base & must be shaken before being poured; gels & magmas are examples. |
| syr | Syrup- sugar is dissolved in a liquid med & flavored to disguise the taste |
| tab, tabs | "Tablet"- med is compressed or molded into a solid form; additional ingredients are used to shape & color the tablet |
| tr, tinct. | "Tincture"- liquid alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solution of a drug. |
| ung, oint. | "Ointment"- semisolid drug prep that is applied to skin (external use only) |
| KVO | Keep Vein Open |
| TKO | To Keep Open |
| Discontinue | do not use "d/c" |
| NKA | No Known Allergies |
| NKDA | No Know Drug Allergies |
| > | Greater Than |
| < | Less Than |
| Relationship of the Metric Measures of Weight | kg > g > mg > mcg (Read "greater than") |
| 1 g | 1,000 mg (1,000,000 mcg) |
| 1 mg | 1,000 mcg |
| 1 | I or i |
| 2 | II or ii |
| 3 | III or iii |
| 4 | IV or iv |
| 5 | V or v |
| 6 | VI or vi |
| 7 | VII or vii |
| 8 | VIII or viii |
| 9 | IX or ix |
| 10 | X or x |
| 15 | XV or xv |
| 20 | XX or xx |
| 40 | XL or xl |
| 50 | L or l (Roman Numeral) |
| 60 | LX or lx |
| 100 | C or c (Roman Numeral) |
| 3 Discrepency Equivalents for the Apothecary/ Metric Sys. Regarding aspirin & acetaminophen | Manufactured drug so that 1 grain = 65 mg (vs. 60 mg) ∴gr x= 0.6 g= 650 mg (not 600 mg), gr v= 0.3 g = 325 mg (not 300 mg), gr i = 0.06 g = 65 mg (not 60 mg) |
| ss (dots on top) | One Half |
| gr xv | 1,000 mg, 1 g (gram) |
| gr x | (650)† 600 mg = 0.6 g [†= aspirin/ acetaminophen value] |
| gr vii ss | 500 mg = 0.5 g |
| gr v | (325)† 300 mg = 0.3 g [†= aspirin/ acetaminophen value] |
| gr iii | 200 mg = 0.2 g |
| gr i ss or gr 1 ½ | 100 mg = 0.1 g |
| gr i | (65)† 60 mg = 0.06 g |
| gr ss or gr ½ | 100 mg = 0.1 g |
| gr i | (65)† 60 mg= 0.06 g |
| gr ¼ | 15 mg = 0.015 g |
| gr 1/6 | 10 mg = 0.010 g |
| gr 1/100 | 0.6 mg = 600 mcg |
| gr 1/150 | 0.4 mg = 400 mcg |
| gr 1/200 | 0.3 mg = 300 mcg |
| 1 tsp | 5 mL |
| 1 tbsp | 15 mL |
| 1 oz (or fl oz) | 30 mL & 8 dr (dram) |
| 1 pt | 500 mL |
| 1 quart | 1 L = 1,000 mL or 1,000 ccs |
| 2.2 lb | 1 kg |
| 1 inch | 2.5 cm (cenitmeters) |
| 1 m (minim) | 1 gtt (drop) |
| 1 dr (dram) | 4 mL |
| 8 dr (dram) | 1 oz (fl oz) |
| 15 mL | 1 tbsp = ½ fl oz = 4 drams |
| 30 mL | 2 tbsp = 1 fl oz = 8 drams |
| 500 mL | 1 pint |
| 1000 mL (1 L) | 1 quart = 2 pints = (1,000 ccs) |
| Convert Fahrenheit to Centigrade | C= (F - 32) ÷ 1.8 |
| Convert Centigrade to Fahrenheit | F= (C x 1.8) + 32 |
| 98.6 ° F | 37 °C |
| 101 ° F | 38.33° C |
| 212 ° F | 100 ° C |
| Med- Math Equation | Supply / Have = x/ Desire ( d= desired dose, H= on hand or have, S= supply, X or x = unknown or answer [amount of drug to give]) |
| To Calculate an IV drip rate | mL to infuse x tubing drip factor/ minutes to infuse |
| To Calculate a drip rate on an IV infusion pump | mL to infuse/ hours to infuse |
| Using 60 gtt as the tubing drip factor | mL to infuse x 60/ minutes to infuse |
| Percent Solution; example 5 % solution | means 5 grams of the drug in 100 mL of fluid |
Created by:
nicole4rc