| Question |
Answer |
| What is the dermis? |
The thick inner layer of the skin composed mainly of fibrous connective tissue. |
| Sebaceous Gland |
Skin gland that secretes sebum (oil) |
| Pseudostratified Tissue |
Single layer of tall cells that wedge together to appear as if there are two are more layers. |
| Where can you find pseudostratified tissue? |
Surface lining on the trachea |
| What is the function of pseudostratified tissue? |
Protection |
| Fibroblasts |
Type of cell that synthesizes the extracellular matrix and collagen.The most common type of connective tissues. |
| Neuron |
A nerve cell. |
| Mitosis |
Division of a somatic cell nucleus in the process of forming two genetically identical cells. |
| Diffusion |
Movement of carbon dioxide out of all cells. |
| Cutaneous |
pertaining to the skin. |
| Piloerection |
goosebumps!! |
| Healing of an Epidermal Wound |
Shallow break in skin which results in rapid mytosis. |
| Stratified Transitional Tissue |
Many layers of varying transitional shapes capable of stretching. |
| Where can you find Stratified Transitional Tissue? |
In the urinary bladder. |
| Filtration |
Movement of small molecules through a membrane by a hydrostatic pressure while large molecules are restricted. |
| What are the four stages of mitosis? |
1.Prophase 2.Metaphase 3.Anaphase 4.Telophase |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum |
Organelle composed of a system of connected membranous tubules and vessicles, along which protein is synthesized. |
| Dialysis |
Separation of smaller (diffusable) particles from larger (non-diffusable) particles through a semipermeable membrane. |
| Deoxyribonucleic Acid |
DNA - genetic material a double stranded polymer-stranded polymer of nucleotides. |
| Inflammation |
Dilation of blood vessels in affected tissues.Skin is reddened, swollen, and painful to touch. |
| Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) |
Organic molecule that stores and releases energy which may be used in cellular processes. |
| Apocrine Gland |
Type of gland whose secretions contain parts of secretory cells "sweat gland" |
| Simple Columnar Tissue |
Single layer of tall narrow cells. |
| Collagen |
Protein in connective tissue and in bone matrix. |
| Keratinization |
Process by which cells form fibrils of Keratin and harden. |
| Eccrine Glands |
Respond to an elevated body temperature, environmental heat or physical exercise.Common on the forehead, neck, and back. |
| Epitheal Tissue |
Covers body surfaces & organs. Forms inner lining of body cavities & lines hollow organs.Lacks blood vessels. Cells are tightly packed. |
| Exocytosis |
Exo(external) cytosis (cell) |
| Exocytosis is defined as? |
A process in which a cell directs the contents of secretory vessicles out of the cell membrane. Ex: hormones |
| Phagocytosis |
Process by which a cell engulfs and digests solids. (literally cell eating) |
| The visible part of hair is called what? |
The SHAFT! |
| Mitochondria |
threadlike structures |
| Pinocytosis |
Process by which a cell engulfs droplets of fluid from its surroundings.(cell drinking) |
| Telophase |
Stage in which newly formed cells separate. |
| Transcription |
Manufacturing a complimentary RNA from DNA |
| Organelle |
Part of a cell that performs a specialized function. |
| Endocytosis |
The process by which cells absorb molecules from outside the cell by engulfing it with their cell membrane. |
| Nucleoplasm |
A special type of cytoplasm found in the nucleus. |
| Osteon |
Cylinder shaped unit including bone cells that surround a central canal. |
| Collagenous Cells |
Thick threads of protien collagen grouped in long parallel bundles. Flexible but only elastic. Provides great tensile strength. |
| Dentrite |
Process of a neuron that recieves input from other neurons. |
| Cytoplasm |
Contents of a cell exluding the nucleus and cell membrane. |
| Cuboidal |
cell shape resembling a cube. |
| Basement Membrane |
Layer of extracellular matrix that anchors epithelial tissue to underlying connective tissues. |
| Keratin |
Protien in epidermis hair and nails. |
| What are the 4 major tissue types? |
1.Epithelial 2.Connective 3.Muscle 4.Nervous |
| Stratum Basale |
The deepest layer of the epidermis. Contains cells undergoing mitosis. These cells are nourished by dermal blood vessels. |
| Epidermis |
The epidermis is stratified squamous epithelial tissues. The outermost layer of the epidermis composed of dead cells. The bottom is composed of living cells. |
| Osmosis |
Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane in response to a concentration gradient. |
| Areolar |
Connective tissue consisting of fibers and a cariety of cells embedded in a loose matrix of soft sticky gel. |
| Integumentary System |
The skin and accessory organs. |
| Which gland is responsible for sweat? |
Sudoriferous gland |
| Subcutaneous Layer (Hypodermis) |
Composed of loose connective tissue and adipose tissue; lies beneath the dermis. |
| Adipose tissue helps conserve_____and to store____. |
heat and to store energy |
| Metaphase |
Stage in mitosis when chromosomes align in the middle of the cell. |
| Matrix |
Intercellular substance of a tissue (not the corny movie) |
| Crenation |
Abnormal notching in an erthrocyte resulting from shrinkage oafter suspension in a hypertonic solution. |
| Sudoriferous Glands |
Sweat Glands |
| Nucleus |
Cellular organelle enclosed by a double layered, porous membrane and containing DNA; the dense core of an atom composed of protons and neutrons. |
| Spindle Fiber |
A network of tubules formed in the cytoplasm between the centrioles as they are moving away from eachother. |
| Elastic Cells |
Composed of protein, thin fibers branch forming complex networks. |
| Glandular Tissue |
Cells that are specialized to produce and secrete substances into ducts or into body fluids. |
| Facilitated Diffusion |
Movement of particles through a membrane from an area of low concentration by the use of CARRIER MOLECULES!!! Byah! |
| Anaphase |
Stage in mitosis when duplicate chromosomes move to opposite poles of cell. |
| Lysosome |
Organelle that contains difestive enzymes. |
| Adipose |
Fat storing tissue |
| Squamous |
Flat or platelike |
| Columnar |
Cells are taller than wide. |
| Arector Pili Muscle |
Smooth muscle in skin associated with a hair follicle. |
| Collagen |
Principle organic constituent of connective tissue. Yargh! |
| Cilia |
Microscopic hairlike processes on the exposed surfaces of certain epithelial cells. |
| Chromatin |
DNA and complexed protein that condenses to form chromosomes during mitosis. |
| Chromatid |
One half of a replicated chromosome |
| Chondrocyte |
Cartilage cell |
| Centriole |
Cellular organelle built of microtubules that organizes the mitotic spindle |
| Axon |
Nerve fiber conducts a nerve impulse away from a neuron cell body. |
| Nucleolus |
A small structure within the cell nucleus that contains RNA and proteins. |
| Melanocytes |
Melanin producing cell. |
| Hair Follicle |
Tubelike depression in the skin in which a hair develops. |
| Lyse |
Disintrigation of a cell. |
| Epidermis |
Outer epithelial layer of the skin. |
| Ribosome |
Organelle composed of RNA and protein that is a structural support for protein synthesis and includes RNA molecules that function as enzymes. |
| Interphase |
Period between two cell divisions when a cell metabolizes and prepares to divide. |
Biology Lab Midterm
