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Microbiology CH 7
Control of Microbial growth
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| tests for evaulating a disinfectant | phenol coefficient, dilution test, filter paper method |
| Typical operating conditions for autoclave sterilization | 15 lb pressure/sq in. for 15 min @121C no microbe/spore can survive |
| Chloramine | combination of chlorine&ammonia municipal water treatment systems |
| Ionizing radiation | high-energy radiation with a wavelength less than 1nm causing ionization x-rays & gamma rays |
| Conditions that influence microbial control | temperature, type of microbe, environment, and physiological state. |
| Organisms used in phenol coefficient test | Salmonella typhosa staphylococcus aureus |
| Ethanol | kills bacteria & fungi but not spores used to enhance the effectiveness of other chemical agents(iodine) optimum 70% 60-95% also works |
| Tridocarbon | inhibits gram positive (strep/staph) dial soap |
| Tincture of iodine | iodine in aqueous alcohol iodophor-combination of iodine and an organic molecule |
| Glutaraldehyde | 10 min kills all bacteria tb and viruses 3-10 hrs for spores used to disinfect hospital instruments including endoscopes, respiratory therapy equip |
| Antisepsis | a chemical method for disinfection of the skin or mucous membranes chemical is called an antiseptic |
| Degerming | the removal of microorganisms in an area also called degermation |
| Sterilization | the removal of all microorganisms including spores |
| Thermal death time | the length of time required to kill all the bacteria in a liquid culture at a given temperature |
| Decimal reduction time | the time (in minutes) required to kill 90% of a bacterial population at a given temperature also called D value |
| Thermal death point | the temperature required to kill all the bacteria in a liquid culture in 10 min |
| Pasteurization | process of mild heating to kill certain spoilage microorganisms or pathogens. |
| dessication | removal of water |
| Incineration | effective way to sterilize and dispose of contaminated paper cups, bags, and dressings |
| Phenol Coefficient | measure of the bactericidal activity of a chemical compound in relation to pheno |
| Ozone | o3,highly reactive form of oxygen supplement of chlorination in treatment of H20 |
| Hexachlorophene | Bisphenol, contains two phenolic roots, found in prescription lotion, used for surgical and microbial procedures. |
| Isopropanol | 70% concentration, enhances the effectiveness of other chemicals, denatures proteins,Rubbing alcohol, kills bacteria and fungi but not so much for spores and viruses, |
| Sorbic Acid | anti-fungal,food preservative, organic acid or salt |
| Copper sulfate | destroy green algae,used for swimming pools, fish tanks. reservoirs |
| nonionizing radiation | short wavelength radiation that doesn't cause ionization, UV is an example |
| benzoyl peroxide | found in acne medication |
| mercurochrome | Antiseptic, non-toxic, non-irritating, used on skin and mucous membranes |
| ethylene oxide | gaseous chemosterilizer, dry gas, kills everything, takes several hours to work,hazardous, gets rid of all microbes and spores, disinfects and sterilizes |
| sodium hypochlorite | used as a household disinfectant in bleach, disinfectant in dairies, food processing establishments, and hemodialysis systems |
| benzalkonium chloride | digest TB, destroy bacteria,quat,strongly antimicrobial, found in mouthwash, easily diluted and nontoxic |
Created by:
Caya Belton