| Question |
Answer |
| Rotation |
Spinning of the Earth on its axis. |
| Axis |
Imaginary line that passes through the Earth's center. |
| Umbra |
Darkest part of the moon's shadow. |
| Penumbra |
The larger part of the shadow. |
| Revolution |
The movement of one object around another. |
| Lunar Eclipse |
Occurs at full moon, when the Earth is directly between the moon and sun. |
| Orbit |
The path the Earth follows as it revolves around the sun. |
| Total Lunar Eclipse |
When the moon is in the Earth's umbra. |
| Calendar |
A system of organizing time, that defines the beginning, length and divisions of a year. |
| Solstice |
When the sun reaches its greatest distance north and south of the equator twice each year. |
| Partial Lunar Eclipse |
Occurs when the moon passes partly into the umbra of the earth's shadow. |
| Equinox |
Halfway between the solstice, when neither hemisphere is tilted toward or away from the sun. |
| Tide |
the rise and fall of ocean water |
| force |
a push or pull |
| spring tide |
a tide with the greatest difference between consecutive high and low tides |
| gravity |
the attractive force between objects |
| neap tide |
a tide with the least difference between consecutive high and low tides. |
| newton's law of universal gravititaion |
states that every oject in the universe attracts every other object |
| telescope |
a device built to look at distant objects by making them appear closer |
| mass |
amount of matter in an object |
| maria |
the dark, flat surfaces of the moon |
| weight |
force of gravity on an object |
| craters |
large, round pits in the moon's surface |
| inertia |
when an object resists a change in motion |
| highlands |
mountains which cast dark shadows due to its peaks and the rim of the craters |
| newton's first law of motion |
and object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will stay in motion with a constant speed and direction unless acted on by a force |
| phases |
the different shapes of the moon seen from earth. |
| eclipse |
when an object in space comes between the sun and a third object. it puts a shadow on that object. |
| rocket |
a device that releases gas in one direction and moves in the opposite |
| apollo program |
the american effort to land a man on the moon |
| thrust |
the reaction force that propels a rocket forward |
| neil armstrong and buzz aldrin |
both entered a tiny spacecraft called the eagle |
| velocity |
speed in a given reaction |
| moonquakes |
caused apollo astronauts to crash equipment on the moon's surface |
| orbital velocity |
required of a rocket to start an orbit around the earth |
| space shuttle |
a spacecraft that can carry a crew into space, return to earth and then be reused for the same purpose |
Buen Viaje lv.2 ch 8
