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Stack #228428
| Test | How to do it | Positive sign | Test for |
|---|---|---|---|
| RROM Infraspinatus | prone, arm over table, resist external rotation (towards head) | External rotator | |
| RROM Teres Minor | tanding, arm at ninety degrees, resist pushing arm out | Exterbak rotator | |
| RROM Subscapularis | hand cuff position, push hand towards back | ||
| RROM Deltoid | (anterior, middle and posterior) anterior- slightly in flexion (forward) push in, posterior slight extension (back) push in | ||
| RROM Pectoralis Major | do a fly resist arm coming in | ||
| greater tuberosity | lateral aspect of the bicipital groove | ||
| lesser tuberosity | medial aspect of the bicipital groove, subscapularis attachment | ||
| bicipital groove | PROM int/ext rotation to find; LH biceps runs through groove | ||
| supraspinatus /infraspinatus/teres minor | inserts and is palpable at the greater tuberositylie under the acromion, passively extend the shoulder to palpate more effectively; these are not distinctly palpable, rather you palpate them as a unit (common tendon) | ||
| subscapularis | inserts lesser tuberosity; not palpable, performs internal otation | ||
| Levator Scapulae | deep to the trapezius | ||
| long head biceps | passes through the bicipital groove | ||
| short head biceps | palpable towards the coracoid process | ||
| RROM Pec Minor | arm flat on table, resist raise shoulder up not using hand (minor), you can hold their arm so you know they are not using it | ||
| RROM Biceps (LH and SH)- | resist curl, but athletes with long head will have pain with straight arm raise resistance | ||
| RROM Trapezius (upper, middle and lower) | -upper- shrug shoulder bring head to shoulder try to break them apart, middle-prone on table arm out in open can position, resist bringing arm up, and lower fibers- prone arm up diagonally in open can position, resist bringing arm up | ||
| RROm Serratus anterior | supine, arm all the way up to the ceiling, hold chest, push down on their closed fist | ||
| rrom Rhomboids (Major and Minor) | -put in position of seated row and push against elbows | ||
| rrom Latissimus dorsi | prone, hand to side, palm facing up, resist bringing arm up | ||
| Empty can test- | shoulders abducted to 90 degrees, horizontally adducted to 30 degrees and internally rotated- clinician resists patients attempt to actively abduct both shoulders | occurs when pain/weakness noted | supraspinatus |
| Drop arm test | examiner passively abducts the shoulder to 90 deg and instructs the patient to slowly lower the arm to their side | the patient cannot slowly lower arm or has significant pain with activity – | rotator cuff pathology-supraspinatus |
| Spring test (Piano Key test | press down on distal clavical for ac joint, prosimal clavical for sc joint | pain and/or instability noted at the AC/SC joint | ac or cc ligaments torn |
| Neer test | - patient sits or stands; examiner places one hand on the scapula to stabilize and the other grasps the elbow- examiner passively and maximally forward flexes the shoulder | shoulder pain and apprehension | impingement involving the LH biceps and/or supraspinatus |
| Hawkins-Kennedy test | patient sits or stands; examiner places one hand over the elbow and one over the wrist- examiner pushes patient into forward flexion to 90 degrees with internal rotation | pain and apprehension | supraspinatus tendon impingement |
| Yergason’s test | patient sits with elbow at 90 deg and stabilized against thorax; forearm pronated; examiner places one hand on patients forearm and the other on upper arm over bicipital groove- examiner resists patients attempt to actively supinates the arm | pain over the bicipital groove | possible tendonitis |
| Speeds test | - patient stands; shoulder flexed to 90 deg and elbow fully extended with forearm supinated; examiner places one hand over the volar aspect of the wrist and the other over the bicipital groove- examiner resists the patients attempt to flex shoulder | pain over the bicipital tendon in bicipital groove | |
| Ludington’s test | patient sits or stands with their fingers interlocked behind their head; examiner places hand over bicipital groove- patient contracts both biceps simultaneously | pain over the biceps tendon or no tension | torn biceps tendon |
| Apprehension test (anterior) | patient lies supine on the table; examiner places one hand on the distal arm and the other at the wrist- examiner places shoulder in 90 degrees of abduction and the elbow at 90 degrees flexion; examiner slowly externally rotates the shoulder | pain and apprehension in the shoulder | anterior instability |
| Relocation test- | same as anterior apprehension, simply place posterior pressure on humeral head as to reduce the anterior subluxation | pain and apprehension in the shoulder | anterior instability |
| Load and Shift test | patient sits and has elbows relaxed down into lap- examiner grasps humeral head, axially loads the humeral head into the glenoid fosse and then tries to translate the humeral head anteriorly (shift) then posteriorly (shift) | pain or abnormal shift compared bilaterally i | an anterior instability |
| Glide Test | grasp humeral head and shift anteriorly | anterior instability | anterior instability |
| Posterior Apprehension test | patient supine and the examiner grasps the elbow with one hand and the shoulder with the other- examiner places the shoulder in a position of 90 degrees flexion with internal rotation and applies a posterior force through the long axis | apprehension or pain | posterior Glenohumeral instability |
| Sulcus sign | patient sits with elbow resting in lap; examiners grasps distal humerus with one hand and the scapula with the other- with scapula stabilized, examiner applies an inferior force at the humerus | a visible or palpable step off or ‘sulcus’ deformity inferior to the acromion | inferior or multidirectional instability |
| O’Brien’s Test “Active Compression Test” | patient standing with shoulder in 90 degrees horizontal adduction and internal rotation-Patient resists examiners downward force – then externally rotate and perform same maneuver | labrum tear SLAP lesion or possibly AC joint pathology | |
| Adson’s Maneuver | patient sits or stands; examiner palpates the radial artery pulse- examiner externally rotates and extends the patient’s test arm and patient then extends and rotates the neck toward the test arm and takes a deep breath | positive findings is diminished or absent pulse | Thoracic outlet syndrome |
| Allen Test | patient sits or stands with their shoulder in 90 degrees abduction and external rotation; examiners stands and palpates radial pulse- patient rotates the neck away from the test arm | - positive finding is a diminished or absent pulse indicative of thoracic outlet syndrome | Thoracic outlet syndrome |
| Radial head | one inch distal to the lateral epicondyle- place elbow at 90 degrees flexion and have patient pronate/supinate | ||
| ulnar nerve | located in sulcus between the medial epic. and olecrannon process- known as the ‘funny bone’ | ||
| wrist extensor group - ‘mobile wad of three’ | originate from lateral epicondyle and supracondylar line of the humerus- brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis | ||
| lateral (radial) collateral ligament | - ropelike structure similar to the knee- not directly palpable – runs lateral epicondyle to the annular ligament- prevents against varus stress | ||
| median nerve | directly medial to brachial artery and then passes through pronator teres | ||
| Valgus stress test | njury to the MCL | ||
| Varus stress test | positive test indicates injury to the LCL | ||
| Tennis elbow test | stabilize forearm and perform RROM wrist extension | pain occurs at the lateral condyle of the humerus | pain associated with tennis elbow |
| Tinel sign | tapping over the ulnar nerve | will cause tingling down the arm | ulnar neuroma |
| Apley scratch test (quick test) | three steps: touch opposite shoulder in front of the body; place arm overhead and reach behind neck/back; place hand in small of back and reach upward as far as possible | Lack of ROM | AROM |
| RROM Supraspinatus | Emptycan push down | Internal rotator |
Created by:
jocbutch