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Artic/ Phonetics
Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| anatomy | the study of the structure of an organism |
| physiology | the study of the function |
| descriptive anatomy | relates the individual parts of the body to functional systems |
| cells | make up tissues |
| tissues | make up organs |
| organs | make up systems |
| bones | provide rigid skeletal support and protect organs and soft tissue |
| Skeletal ligaments | attach bone to bone, may exhibit some stretch or not |
| tendons | part of the muscle that attaches muscle to bone |
| Anterior | front |
| posterior | back |
| ventral | front for bipeds |
| dorsal | back for bipeds |
| superficial | surface |
| deep | internal |
| superior | above |
| inferior | below |
| lateral | to the side |
| medial | to the middle |
| respiratory system | fuels speech |
| digestive systerm | speech is an overlaid function |
| phonatory system | produces sound |
| articlatory system | alters speech sounds |
| resonatory system | quality of sound produced |
| 24 days | 1st and 2nd branchial arch visible |
| 4th week | large stomodeum (primitive mouth) , oral plate, nasal placodes present |
| 5th week | nasal pits form |
| 6th week | lateral and medial nasal process forms the nose and nasal septum, eyes on side of head |
| 7th week | nasomedial process from philturm, tongue-like structue is between the palatine process of macilla, nasal cavity separated from oral cavity by primary palate, eyes moving medial, primative pinna is lateral and inferior to face |
| 8th week | primary palate becomes the upper lip, mandibular and maxillary process fuse to form the cheeks, pinna moving superiorly, but still "low on head", eyes moving medial but still "wide set" |
| 9th week | tongue moves down into oral cavity, palatine processes fuse into hard palate, anterior to posterior |
| 10th week | palatal fusion anterior to posterior up to uvula |
| 11-12 th week | complete fusion of soft palate and uvula |
| Cleft Lip | fails to fuse 4-6 weeks post conception |
| Cleft Palate | fails to fuse 7-12 weeks post conception |
| Syndromes | constellation of abnormalities that may be genetic |
| The earlier in embryological | development a problem occurs, the more devastating the child's problem. |
| Respiration | exhalatory air supply needed to produce speech sounds |
| Phonation | Vibratory mechanism needed to change air supply into voice/speech sounds |
| Articulation | Shaping sounds into specific phonemes |
| 4 major muscles of Inspiration | Diaphragm, Pectoralis major, Pectoralis minor, Intercostals |
| Diaphragm | separates thorax and abdomnen. Floor of thoracic cavity |
| Ribs 1-7 | vertebrocostal |
| Ribs 8-10 | common costal cartilage |
| Ribs 11-12 | called false or floating |
| 1st 7 vertebrae | cervical (neck) |
| Abdominal Muscles | Rectus Abdominis, Extgernal Oblique, Internal Oblique, Transversus Abdominins |
| Boyle's Law | Gas travels from an area of higher pressure to an area of lower pressure |
| REL | Resting Expiratory Level |
| Plleural Linkage | The only way the lungs can expand and contract |
| Nonspeech respiratory cycle | 40%inhalation/ 60% exhalation |
| Speech respiratory Cycle | 10% inhalation 90% exhalation |
| Exhalatory air | "fuels" our speech |
| pelvic girdle | Ilium (hipbone), Ischium (seatbone), pubis |
| Vital capacity | the volume change of the lung between a full inspiration and a maximal expiration. |
| tidal volume | amount of air that is inhaled and exhaled in a normal breath |
| Residual Volume | amount of air that remains in a person's lungs after fully exhaling. |
| Total lung capacity | maximum amount of air the lungs can hold when they are fully inflated |
| Alveolar Pressure | Pressure inside the lungs |
| ispilateral | on the same side of the body |
| contralateral | on opposite sides of the body |
| intermediate | between two structures |
| proximal | closer to the point of attachment of a limb |
| distal | farther from the point of attachment of a limb |
| condyle | large, rounded articular process (helps form joints) |
| facet | smoothe, flat surface (joint) |
| head | enlarged portion at an end of a bone (joint) |
| ramus | branch or extension of a bone (joint) |
| fissure | narrow opening |
| foramen | round opening |
| fossa | shallow depression |
| fovea | pitlike depression |
| fontanel | membrane-covered spaces between skull bones |
| meatus | tubelike passage |
| sinus | interior cavity |
| sulcus | long narrow depression |
Created by:
dbrinker