A&P Ch1 terms

Description:	A&P Ch1 terms
Category:	Anatomy
Created by:	desunurse on 2009-02-10

Question	Answer
anatomy is the study of	the structure of body parts and their forms or organization
physiology is the study of	functions of the body parts , what they do and how they do it
all materials are made of	chemicals
chemicals consist of tiny particles call	atoms
within humans the basic unit of structure is the?	cell
cells are made of small structures called?	organelles
tissues are formed by?	similar cells
organisms are formed from?	interacting organ systems
movement is?	change in position of the body or body part, motion of an internal organ
responsiveness?	reaction of change taking place inside or outside of the body
growth?	change in size but not shape
reproduction?	production of new organisms and new cells
metabolism?	physical and chemical events that obtain, release and utilize energy
five requirments of Life?	water, food, pressure, heat. oxygen
hydrostatic pressure is?	is a pressure exerted by liquids
A type of hydrostatic pressure in the human is ?	blood pressure
Homeostasis?	Homeostasis is the body's maintenance of a stable internal environment.
The three components of a homeostatic mechanism are ?	receptors, a control center, and effectors.
Receptors provide?	information about specific conditions in the internal environment
Control centers function is?	to decide what a particular value should be
Effectors cause responses that?	alter conditions in the internal environment
In a negative feedback mechanism does what?	deviation from the set point is corrected and the correction reduces the action of the effectors.
The human body can be divided into ?	axial portion and an appendicular portion
axial portion includes ?	head, neck, and trunk.
The appendicular portion includes ?	the upper and lower limbs
Within the axial portion, the three major cavities are ?	cranial cavity, thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity.
The cranial cavity houses ?	the brain.
The vertebral canal houses the	spinal cord.
Viscera are organs within ?	body cavities
The thoracic cavity is divided from ?	abdominopelvic cavity by the diaphragm
The thoracic cavity contains the following organs:	lungs, heart, esophagus, trachea, and thymus gland.
The region between the lungs is ?	mediastinum
Organs located in the mediastinum are ?	the heart, esophagus, trachea and thymus gland.
The two portions of the abdominopelvic cavity are ?	the abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity.
The organs of the abdominal cavity are ?	the stomach, liver, spleen, gallbladder, and the small and large intestines.
Organs of the pelvic cavity are ?	the terminal end of the large intestine, the urinary bladder, and the internal reproductive organs.
The four types of smaller cavities in the head are ?	the oral cavity, the nasal cavity, the orbital cavities, and the middle ear cavities.
The serous membrane that lines the thoracic cavity is ?	parietal pleura.
The serous membrane that covers the lungs is ?	visceral pleura
The pleural cavity is the potential space between the ?	visceral pleura and the parietal pleura.
The position of the body in the anatomical position is ?	standing erect, with face forward, upper limbs at the sides, and palms facing forward.
The anatomical term meaning above another body part is ?	superior.
The anatomical term meaning below another body part is?	inferior.
The two anatomical terms meaning toward the front ?	anterior and ventral
. The two anatomical terms meaning toward the back ?	posterior and dorsal
The anatomical term meaning closer to the midline of the body is ?	medial
. The anatomical term meaning closer to the sides of the body is ?	lateral.
The anatomical term for the same side is ?	ipsilateral.
The anatomical term for the opposite side is ?	contralateral
The anatomical term meaning closer to a specific point is ?	proximal
The anatomical term meaning farther away from a specific point is ?	distal
The two anatomical terms meaning closer to the surface of the body are ?	superficial and peripheral.
The anatomical term meaning more internal is ?	deep
A lengthwise cut that divides the body into left and right portions is called ?	sagittal
A cut that divides the body into superior and inferior portions is called ?	transverse
A section that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions is called ?	frontal
A cut across a cylindrical organ is called ?	cross section
An angular cut of a cylindrical organ is called ?	oblique section
A lengthwise cut of a cylindrical organ is called a ?	longitudinal section
region between thorax and pelvis	abdominal
tip of the shoulder	acromial
forearm	antebrachial
front of the elbow	antecubital
armpit	axillary
arm	brachial
cheek	buccal
wrist	carpal
abdomen	celiac
head	cephalic
neck	cervical
of the ribs	costal
hip	coxal
front of leg	crural
elbow	cubital
finger	digital or phalangeal
back	dorsum
thigh	femoral
forehead	frontal
reproductive organs	genital
buttocks	gluteal
groin	inguinal
lower back	lumbar
breast	mammary
chin	mental
nose	nasal
back of head	occipital
mouth	oral
eye cavity	orbital
ear	otic
palm of hand	palmar
front of knee	patellar
chest	thoracic
foot	pedal
pelvis	pelvic
region between anus and external reproductive organs	perineal
sole of the foot	plantar
area behind the knee	popliteal
between the hip bones	sacral
middle and anterior region of thorax	sternal
ankle	tarsal
navel	umbilical
spinal column	vertebral