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Respiratory Phys 1
WVSOM -- Respiratory Physiology Introduction
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How much dry air is oxygen? | 20.93% |
| How much dry air is Carbon Dioxide? | .03% |
| How much water is in dry air? | 0 |
| How much nitrogen is in dry air? | 79% |
| What is the site of internal respiration? | mitochondrion |
| What is the site of external respiration? | Lung, pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation |
| What are the 3 separate processes of external respiration? | Ventilation, diffusion and perfusion |
| How does gas diffusion at blood-gas and blood-cell interfaces occur? | down partial pressure gradients |
| What is Fick’s Law? | rate of gas diffusion across a barrier is proportional to partial pressure difference |
| What is ventilation? | process by which air is moved in and out of the lung |
| What is perfusion? | process by which oxygen is moved from the lung to the area of respiration |
| Where does gas move by diffusion? | blood-gas and blood-cell interfaces |
| What is blood-gas interface? | in the lung with the pulmonary interface |
| What is the blood-cell interface? | arterial blood gets to the capillaries and gets to the cells |
| What is the partial pressure of oxygen in the lungs? | 100 |
| What is the partial pressure of oxygen in the arteries? | 96 |
| What is the partial pressure of oxygen in the cell? | 20 |
| What is the partial pressure of oxygen in the veins? | 40 |
| What is atmospheric partial pressure of oxygen? | 159 |
| What is the partial pressure gradient at the blood-gas interface? | 100-40=60 |
| What is the partial pressure at the blood-cell interface? | 96-20=76 |
| What is the partial pressure of CO2 in the lungs? | 40 |
| What is the partial pressure of CO2 in the veins? | 46 |
| What is the partial pressure of CO2 in the arteries? | 40 |
| What is the gradiant of CO2 at the blood-gas interface? | 46-40=6 |
| What is partial pressure of CO2 in the atmosphere? | 0 |
| What maintains the large gradiants for gas transfer? | diffusion + bulk flow which enables a faster rate of gas transfer |
| What is Dalton’s Law? | total gas pressure is equal to the sum of partial pressures |
| What is a partial pressure? | It is the pressure a gas would exert if it occupied the total volume of the mixture that it is in |
| What is the equation for the PO2? | barometric pressure X fractional concentration of O |
| What is the partial pressure of oxygen at atmospheric pressure? | =760 X .2093 = 159mmHg |
| How do you calculate the partial pressure of inspired air? | you must subtrace the water vapor pressure which is 47mmHg at 37 degrees Celcius |
| What is the pressure of water at 37 degrees celcius? | 47mmHg |
| How can you have a partial pressure in blood? | the partial pressure of a gas in solution is its partial pressure in a gas mixture that is in equilibrium with the solution. Partial pressures will equilibrate. |
| Why is the lung good for ventilation? | It has a thin barrier with a large surface area |
| What is the size of the blood-gas barrier? | <1 μm |
| What are the layers that gas has to go thru to get to RBC? | surfactant, alveolar epithelium, interstitium, capillary endothelium |
| Why are alveoli good for gas exchange? | they increase the surface area dramatically and receive an extensive blood flow. |
| What happens to surface area do as you go farther down the airway? | it gets a lot larger with the airways and then the alveoli |
Created by:
tjamrose