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WVSOM - HISTO
Respiratory
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Respiratory system divisions | Conducting portion respiratory portion |
| Conducting Portion | "Respiratory Epithelium" same as ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium |
| Components of Respiratory Epithelium (5) | Ciliated columnar cells mucous goblet cells basal cells small granule (k) cells Brush Cells |
| Goblet Cells | More in conducting portion and disappear the farther you go down into the respiratory portion. Good to use as landmark |
| Loose connective tissue in respiratory is now called ____________ | lamina propria |
| Ciliated columnar cells | most numerous cell type in teh respiratory epithelium |
| Cilia movement | beat toward the oral cavity |
| Mucous Goblet cells | secrete mucus that traps particles and soluble gases |
| What moves mucus | cilia move teh mucus along teh epithelium |
| Basal cells | small, round cells that differentiate into other cell types |
| Small granule cell | neuroendocrine cells are more numerous in teh bronchi than in the rest of the respiratory system. |
| Brush cells | have microvilli and are thought to be a type of chemoreceptor |
| mucosa | epithelium, basement membrane plus the underlying lamina propria |
| Critical clinical difference between stratified squamous epithelium and respiratory epithelium | stratified squamous epithelium does not have cilia, thus it is more vulnerable to colonizaiont and infection than respiratory epithelium |
| Olfactory epithelium | located in roof of nasal cavity on sides of the nasal septum on the superior nasal conchae |
| Vestibule | internal nasal cavity; lined by nonkeratinized strat. squam. epithelium. Lining can change to pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium posteriorly. Contains vibrissae (short hairs) to filter out large particles. |
| Three types of cells in olfactory epithelium | Sustentacular cells Basal Cells Olfactory Cells |
| Sustentacular cells are _____________ | supporting cells |
| Basal cells give rise to _____________ | other cell types |
| Olfactory cells are ___________ sensory neurons | bipolar |
| Cilia at base of olfactory cells act as | receptors for chemical stimuli |
| Laimina propria under teh olfactory epithelium contain: | blood vessels nerves bowman's glands (mostly serous) |
| paranasal sinuses | lined with a thin respiratory epithelium |
| secretions from paranasal sinuses are moved ___________ | into the nasal cavity by cilia |
| nasopharynx | lined with respiratory epithelium |
| oropharynx | lined with stratified squamous nonkeratiizezed epithelium (it is part of the digestive system as well) |
| Larynx | responsible for voice production; epithelium is mainly a respiratory epithelium. |
| Lamina propria of Larynx | contains mixed muco-serous glands and the laryngeal cartilages |
| Cartilage in the larynx | both hyaline and elastic cartilages |
| Bowman's glands | produces watery secretion that washes the olfactory cilia to prepare for new smells. Also disolves in secretions dectected by the olfactory cilia for smell |
| Epiglottis | 1. stratifed squamous nonkeratinized epithelium on the lingual surfaces 2. Respiratory epithelium on the lower laryngeal surface |
| Vestibular folds | false cords lie superior to vocal cords loose connective tissue containing glands, lymphoid aggregations, & fat cells. Covered by respiratory epithelium. |
| Vocal cords | true vocal cords skeletal muscle, vocal ligament (elastic fibers) and a covering of stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium |
| Laryngitis | inflammation of the larynx. edema of the mucous membrane over the vocal cords cause voice impairment |
| Primary Bronchi | arise from subdivisions of teh trachea |
| Primary bronchi give rise to | secondary and tertiary bronchi |
| Bronchi | lining is still a respiratory epithelium As hyaline cartilage decreases, smooth muscle increases. Look for ratio...not a huge amount of smooth muscle |
| Bronchiole | Diameter of 5mm or less LOSE hyaline cartilage simploe ciliated columnar or cuboidal Surrounded by lung tissue Lacks glands in submucosa |
| Terminal Bronchioles | Simple cuboidal epithelium Clara Cells No goblet cells smooth muscle and some elastic fibers Walls of terminal bronchioles are continuous |
| Cara Cells | secrete glycosaminoglycans as surfactant metabolize airborn toxins divide |
| Respiratory Bronchiole | transition to respiratory potrtion of lung Simple cuboidal lining bronchiole walls are interrupted by alveoli |
| alveoli | pouch-like evaginations simple squamous epithelium site of 02 and CO2 exchange |
| Alveoli found: | respiratory bronchiole walls alveolar ducts alveolar sacs |
| Alveoli are separated by ______________ | inter alveolar septa that may contain 1 ore more alveolar pores |
| Type I pneumocytes | cover 95% of alveolar Form tight junctions with adjacent cells Not able to divide Simple squamous with a different name |
| Type II Cell (pneumocyte) | cuboidal cells that produce surfactant can differentiate into type I cells |
| Cells of alveolar wall | Type I cell Type II cell Endothelial cells |
| Respiratory membrane | 1) alveolar epithelium 2) Capillary endothelium 3) intervening basement membrane |
| Lung Macrophages | dust cells phagocytic clean up debris, bacteria, etc Septal connective tissue but mostly in airways |
Created by:
tjamrose