| muscle |
origin |
insertion |
action |
| temporalis |
lateral surface of temporal bone |
mandible (coronoid process and ramus) |
closes jaw and retracts jaw |
| masseter |
zygomatic arch |
mandible (lateral surface of ramus) |
closes jaw and assists protraction-Unilaterally: lateral jaw motion to same side |
| orbicularis oris |
maxilla, mandible, lips, buccinator |
mucous membranes, muscles inserting into lip |
lip closure |
| buccinator |
maxilla, mandible |
lips |
maintains cheeks tension near teeth (thereby food in position for chewing) |
| medial pterygoid |
pterygoid plate (medial surface) |
mandible (medial surface of ramus) |
closes jaw and assists protraction - Unilaterally: lateral jaw motion to opposite side |
| lateral pterygoid |
pterygoid plate (lateral surface) |
mandible, temporomandibular joint capsule |
protracts jaw |
| mylohyoids-suprahyoid |
(blank) |
(blank) |
raises hyoid bone in swallowing (when mandible is stable or opens the jaw (when hyoid bone is stable) |
| digastrics (anterior and posterior bellies)-suprahyoid |
(blank) |
(blank) |
raises hyoid bone in swallowing (when mandible is stable) or opens the jaw (when hyoid bone is stable) |
| geniohyoids-suprahyoid |
(blank) |
(blank) |
raises hyoid bone in swallowing (when mandible is stable) or opens the jaw (when hyoid bone is stable) |
| thyrohyoid - infrahyoid |
(blank) |
(blank) |
stabilizes hyoid bone in swallowing by pulling it downward |
| sternothyroid-infrahyoid |
(blank) |
(blank) |
stabilizes hyoid bone in swallowing by pulling it downward |
| sternohyoid-infrahyoid |
(blank) |
(blank) |
stabilizes hyoid bone in swallowing by pulling it downward |
| omohyoid-infrahyoids |
(blank) |
(blank) |
stabilizes hyoid bone in swallowing by pulling it downward |
| sternocleidomastoid |
sternal head-manibruium of sternum: clavicular head-medial clavicle |
mastoid process of temporal bone |
bilaterally - flexion of neck: unilaterally-lateral flexion of neck to same side, rotation of head to opposite side |
| scalenus anterior |
transverse processes of cervical vertebrae C3-6 |
to 1st rib |
bilaterally-raise first 2 ribs during forced inspiration or assist neck flexion: Unilaterally-assists in lateral flexion of head to same side |
| scalenus medius |
transverse processes of cervical vertebrae C2-7 |
to 1st rib |
bilaterally-raise first 2 ribs during forced inspiration or assist neck flexion: Unilaterally-assists in lateral flexion of head to same side |
| scalenus posterior |
transverse processes of cervical vertebrae C4-6 |
to 2nd rib |
bilaterally-raise first 2 ribs during forced inspiration or assist neck flexion: Unilaterally-assists in lateral flexion fo hed to same side |
| splenius capitis |
ligamentum nucha; spinous processes of C7, T1-3 |
mastoid process of temporal bone; occipital bone |
bilaterally- extension of neck; Unilaterally-lateral flexion and rotation of head to same side |
| splenius cervicis |
upper thoracic vertebrae T3-6 |
upper cervical vertebrae (transverse processes of C1,2,3 |
bilaterally- extension of neck; Unilaterally-lateral flexion and rotation of head to same side |
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