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Block I b
Spinal cord
| Fact/definition | Answer/term |
|---|---|
| The spinal cord ends at this level (in adults) | L1/L2 IV disc |
| This extends from C5 to T1 and gives rise to the brachial plexus | cervical enlargement |
| This extends from L1 to S3 and gives rise to the lumbar and sacral plexuses | lumbosacral enlargement |
| The tapered inferior end of the spinal cord is known as | conus medullaris |
| This connective tissue filament is derived from pia mater and extends from the conus medullaris to the level of S2 | filum terminale internus |
| This connective tissue structure is derived from pia mater and is also surrounded by dura mater and attaches to the coccyx | filum terminale externus (coccygeal ligament) |
| After the termination of the spinal cord the nerve roots hang down to form this | cauda equina |
| In a newborn the spinal cord ends at this vertebral level | L3 |
| Inferiorly the dural sac terminates blindly at this vertebral level | S2 |
| The dura mater is separated from the vertebral column by this space, and it contains fat, connective tissue and the ___________ venous plexus | epidural, internal |
| The dura mater forms a ___________ around roots of spinal nerves and at the IV foramen becomes continuous with this. | sleeve, epineurium of spinal nerves |
| This is the space between the dura mater and the arachnoid | subdural space |
| Is the subdural space a real or potential space | potential |
| This is a wide real space, between the arachnoid and pia mater that contains CSF | subarachnoid space |
| This is the lower part of the subarachnoid space inferior to theh conus medullaris and contains the cauda equina, CSF, and filum terminale | lumbar cistern |
| In a lumbar puncture a needle is inserted into this space at this level to collect CSF | subarachnoid space, between the laminae of L3/L4 or L4/L5 |
| This is a vascular membrane that adheres intimately to the surface of the spinal cord and roots of spinal nerves | pia mater |
| Extension of the pia mater in the coronal plane that helps to stabilize the spinal cord within the dural sac | denticulate ligament |
| The denticulate ligament attaches medially to spinal cord between what two structures | ventral and dorsal roots |
| This is a deep groove along anterior midline of spinal cord that is occupied by the anterior spinal vessels | anterior median fissure |
| This is a shallow groove along posterior midline of spinal cord | posterior median sulcus |
| These structures of the spinal cord correspond to the attachments of the dorsal and ventral rootlets of spinal nerves | anterolateral and posterolateral sulci |
| This spinal cord feature is found in the cervical and upper thoracic regions and is located between posterior median sulcus and antero- and postero- lateral sulci | posterior intermediate sulcus |
| The cell bodies of sensory neurons are found here | dorsal root ganglion |
| Spinal nerves are this type of nerve | mixed |
| The dorsal ramus supplies what | deep muscles of the back and skin of back |
| The ventral ramus supplies | skin and muscles of anterolateral trunk, limbs, and the superficial muscles of the back |
| The lateral horn of the grey matter of the spinal cord is found in these regions | thoracic and upper lumbar |
| The gray matter can be divided into layers based upon cytoarchitecture known as | Rexed's laminae |
| The doral horn contains these lamina(e) | I-VI |
| The intermediate zone contains which lamina(e) | VII |
| The ventral horn consits of this(these) lamina(e) | part of VII, VIII, IX |
| The area around the central canal is designated as this lamina | X |
| The dorsal horn contains groups of neurons that are influenced primarily by impulses entering via the ________________ and have ____________ function | doral root and sensory function |
| This nucleus is found at the apex of the dorsal horn and corresponds to lamina I | marginal (posteromarginal) nucleus |
| This nucleus is found in the doral horn and corresponds to lamina II | substantia gelatinosa |
| This nucleus in the dorsal horn corresponds to laminae III and IV and is the principle sensory nucleus | nucleus proprius |
| The marginal, substantia gelatinose, and nucleus proprius are found at what spinal cord levels? | along the entire length of the spinal cord |
| The ventral horn gives rise to axons that leave the spinal cord via the ____________________ and supply _________________. | ventral root, skeletal muscles |
| This type of nerve axon originates in the ventral horn and supplies extrafusal muscle fibers | alpha motor neurons |
| This type of neurons axons leave the spincal cord via the ventral root and supply intrafusal muscle fibers | gamma motor neurons |
| The ventral horn is well developed in what areas and why | the cervical and lumbosacral, motor innervation of upper and lower limbs |
| Found medially in the ventral horn, involved in what | medially motor column, innervation of muscles of axial skeleton |
| At what spinal cord levels is the medial motor column present? | all levels |
| This is found laterally in the ventral horn in the cervical and lumbosacral regions, and is involved in what? | lateral motor column, innervation of upper and lower limbs |
| The phrenic nucleus is found in ___________ horn, present in ________ segment(s) and has what function? | ventral horn, C3-C5, motor fibers to diaphragm via phrenic nerve |
| The accessory nucleus is found in ___________ horn, present in ________ segment(s) and has what function? | ventral horn, C1-C5, spinal root of accessory nerve |
| This section of grey matter consists primarily of interneurons for segmental and intersegmental integration of spinal cord functions. | intermediate zone |
| This nucleus is found in the medial part of intermediate zone of spinal cord | nucleus dorsalis |
| The nucleus dorsalis is located in what spinal cord segments | C8-L3 |
| This nucleus gives rise to fibers that ascend to cerebellum in posterior spinocerebellar tract | nucleus dorsalis |
| The lateral horn is formed by this nucleus and is present at what spinal cord segments? | intermediolateral nucleus, T1-L2 |
| This nucleus gives rise to all preganglionic sympathetic fibers for the body. | intermediolateral nucleus |
| This nucleus is located laterally in the intermediate zone of segments S2-S4 and gives rise to what type of fibers? | sacral parasympathetic nucleus, preganglion parasympathetic fibers |
Created by:
justice2