Question 1

Frederick II/Frederick the Great

Accepted Answer

became king of Prussia in ____; a literarily inclined, “Enlightened,” freethinking monarch

Question 2

Cardinal Fleury

Accepted Answer

leader of France during the wars of the ______

Question 3

Maria Theresa

Accepted Answer

Austrian Habsburg ruler; proved to be very capable; forced to defend against Frederick II when he invades Silesia

Question 4

Count Kaunitz

Accepted Answer

Maria Theresa’s foreign minister who allied Austria with France, thus engineering the “reversal of alliances” in ______

Question 5

General Wolfe

Accepted Answer

led force that took Quebec in _____

Question 6

Dupleix

Accepted Answer

French; exploited economic possibilities in India in _____ via “sepoys”

Question 7

Robert Clive

Accepted Answer

British; tried to remove French from India from ______

Question 8

Duke of Choiseul

Accepted Answer

French negotiator for the peace of ____

Question 9

War of the Austrian Succession

Accepted Answer

1740 to

Question 10

Seven Years’ War

Accepted Answer

1756 to

Question 11

Pragmatic Sanction

Accepted Answer

stipulated that all domains of the Austrian Habsburgs should be inherited intact by Maria Theresa

Question 12

peace of Aix-la-Chapelle

Accepted Answer

gave Belgium to Austria, Silesia to Prussia

Question 13

Silesia

Accepted Answer

populous, heavily German, highly contested, and most industrially advanced region east of Elbe; Austrian holding invaded by Prussia in _______

Question 14

Diplomatic Revolution of _____

Accepted Answer

big ‘ol switcheroo of alliances: France w/ Austria, Britain w/ Prussia

Question 15

peace of Hubertusburg

Accepted Answer

Austro-Prussian peace treaty at end of Seven Years’ War; Prussia retained Silesia

Question 16

Sepoys

Accepted Answer

clienteles of native rulers in India under obligation to foreign interests

Question 17

battle of Plassey

Accepted Answer

British victory vs. local ruler in India; secured British interests

Question 18

peace of Paris

Accepted Answer

with peace of Hubertusburg, ended the Seven Years’ War

Question 19

Leonardo da Vinci

Accepted Answer

universal genius of he Italian Renaissance; artist, engineer, and scientific thinker but known as an artist

Question 20

Montaigne

Accepted Answer

French essayist and skeptic whose question was “Que sais-je?”, or “What do I know?,” the implied answer was “nothing”

Question 21

Francis Bacon

Accepted Answer

leading philosopher of empiricism and advocate of inductive method; emphasized the usefulness of knowledge, leading to concept of “progress”; Lord Chancellor of England; not mathematician so no influence on concrete science, just thought

Question 22

Instauratio Magna

Accepted Answer

by Bacon

Question 23

Discourse on Method

Accepted Answer

by Decarte

Question 24

De Humani Corporis Fabrica

Accepted Answer

by Vesalius

Question 25

On the Movement of the Heart and Blood

Accepted Answer

by William Harvey

Question 26

Malpighi

Accepted Answer

discovered capillaries in _______

Question 27

Régnier de Graff

Accepted Answer

discovered the female ovaries

Question 28

Napier

Accepted Answer

invented logarithms in ____

Question 29

Isaac Newton and Leibniz

Accepted Answer

calculus was simultaneously invented by

Question 30

On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Orbs

Accepted Answer

by Nicholas Copernicus

Question 31

Johannes Kepler

Accepted Answer

discovered that the orbits of the plants were elliptical and the plants move faster as they approach the sun.

Question 32

Galileo

Accepted Answer

In ____discovered that falling bodied fall at the same rate within a vacuum. In ____,  through his telescope, perceived that the moon had a rough surface, as if made of the same kind of material as the earth and that the moon itself was not luminous.

Question 33

Isaac Newton

Accepted Answer

universal gravitation, brought Kepler’s laws of planetary motion and Galileo’s findings of terrestrial motion together as one and the same

Question 34

Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy

Accepted Answer

by Isaac Newton

Question 35

Denis Papin

Accepted Answer

invented a devise in which steam moved a piston

Question 36

Robert Boyle

Accepted Answer

discovered “____'s Law” on the pressure of gases and is considered the first to have disputed the long accepted fact that there only existed four elements

Question 37

James Watt

Accepted Answer

developed the steam engine

Question 38

On the Cannibals

Accepted Answer

by Montaigne

Question 39

Thoughts on the Comet and Historical and Critical Dictionary

Accepted Answer

by Pierre Bayle

Question 40

On Diplomatics

Accepted Answer

by Jean Mabillon

Question 41

DuCange

Accepted Answer

published dictionary of medieval Latin for document translation

Question 42

James Usher

Accepted Answer

determined the “date of creation” as 4004 b.c. based on Bible

Question 43

Critical History of Old Testament

Accepted Answer

by Richard Simon

Question 44

Two Treatises of Government, Essay Concerning the Human Understanding, Reasonableness of Christianity, and Letter on Toleration

Accepted Answer

by John Locke

Question 45

Julian Calender revised

Accepted Answer

Gregorian calendar

Question 46

Law of War and Peace

Accepted Answer

by Hugh Grotius

Question 47

Law of Nature and of Nations

Accepted Answer

by Samuel Pufendorf

Question 48

Leviathan

Accepted Answer

by Thomas Hobbes

Question 49

Locke's Natural Rights

Accepted Answer

the rights to life, liberty, and property

Question 50

J.S. Bach

Accepted Answer

wrote church music , fugues, part of religious fervor

Question 51

Handel

Accepted Answer

wrote The Messiah (___), part of religious fervor

Question 52

J.C. Lavater

Accepted Answer

physiognomy

Question 53

John Wesley

Accepted Answer

Methodist leader

Question 54

On the Mind and On Man

Accepted Answer

by Helvétius

Question 55

Sophie Condorcet

Accepted Answer

her salon eventually became center of liberal opposition to Napoleon, writer and translator of Adam Smith

Question 56

Sketch of the Progress of the Human Mind

Accepted Answer

by Condorcet

Question 57

Germaine de Staël

Accepted Answer

hosted salons, writer, deplored the subordination of women

Question 58

Encyclopédie

Accepted Answer

edited by Denis Diderot

Question 59

Joseph II of Austria, Catherine the Great, Frederick the Great

Accepted Answer

"enlightened monarchs"

Question 60

Bishop Warburton

Accepted Answer

led Church of England as a social institution

Question 61

David Hume

Accepted Answer

skeptical philosopher

Question 62

Dr. Samuel Johnson

Accepted Answer

compiled a new dictionary of the English language

Question 63

The Spirit of Laws

Accepted Answer

by Montesquieu

Question 64

Arts and Sciences, Origin of Inequality Among Men, Social Contract, Considerations on Poland, Emile, Nouvelle Héloïse

Accepted Answer

by Rousseau

AP Euro Semester 1.4

31-40

Question	Answer	Date
Frederick II/Frederick the Great	became king of Prussia in ____; a literarily inclined, “Enlightened,” freethinking monarch	1740
Cardinal Fleury	leader of France during the wars of the ______	mid-1700s
Maria Theresa	Austrian Habsburg ruler; proved to be very capable; forced to defend against Frederick II when he invades Silesia	1740–80
Count Kaunitz	Maria Theresa’s foreign minister who allied Austria with France, thus engineering the “reversal of alliances” in ______	1756
General Wolfe	led force that took Quebec in _____	1759
Dupleix	French; exploited economic possibilities in India in _____ via “sepoys”	1748
Robert Clive	British; tried to remove French from India from ______	1756 to 1774
Duke of Choiseul	French negotiator for the peace of ____	1763
War of the Austrian Succession	1740 to	1748
Seven Years’ War	1756 to	1763
Pragmatic Sanction	stipulated that all domains of the Austrian Habsburgs should be inherited intact by Maria Theresa	1713
peace of Aix-la-Chapelle	gave Belgium to Austria, Silesia to Prussia	1748
Silesia	populous, heavily German, highly contested, and most industrially advanced region east of Elbe; Austrian holding invaded by Prussia in _______	1740
Diplomatic Revolution of _____	big ‘ol switcheroo of alliances: France w/ Austria, Britain w/ Prussia	1756
peace of Hubertusburg	Austro-Prussian peace treaty at end of Seven Years’ War; Prussia retained Silesia	1763
Sepoys	clienteles of native rulers in India under obligation to foreign interests	(blank)
battle of Plassey	British victory vs. local ruler in India; secured British interests	(blank)
peace of Paris	with peace of Hubertusburg, ended the Seven Years’ War	1763
Leonardo da Vinci	universal genius of he Italian Renaissance; artist, engineer, and scientific thinker but known as an artist	1452-1519
Montaigne	French essayist and skeptic whose question was “Que sais-je?”, or “What do I know?,” the implied answer was “nothing”	1533-1592
Francis Bacon	leading philosopher of empiricism and advocate of inductive method; emphasized the usefulness of knowledge, leading to concept of “progress”; Lord Chancellor of England; not mathematician so no influence on concrete science, just thought	1561-1626
Instauratio Magna	by Bacon	1620-1627
Discourse on Method	by Decarte	1637
De Humani Corporis Fabrica	by Vesalius	1543
On the Movement of the Heart and Blood	by William Harvey	1628
Malpighi	discovered capillaries in _______	1661
Régnier de Graff	discovered the female ovaries	(blank)
Napier	invented logarithms in ____	1614
Isaac Newton and Leibniz	calculus was simultaneously invented by	(blank)
On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Orbs	by Nicholas Copernicus	1473-1543
Johannes Kepler	discovered that the orbits of the plants were elliptical and the plants move faster as they approach the sun.	(blank)
Galileo	In ____discovered that falling bodied fall at the same rate within a vacuum. In ____, through his telescope, perceived that the moon had a rough surface, as if made of the same kind of material as the earth and that the moon itself was not luminous.	1591,1609
Isaac Newton	universal gravitation, brought Kepler’s laws of planetary motion and Galileo’s findings of terrestrial motion together as one and the same	(blank)
Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy	by Isaac Newton	1687
Denis Papin	invented a devise in which steam moved a piston	(blank)
Robert Boyle	discovered “____'s Law” on the pressure of gases and is considered the first to have disputed the long accepted fact that there only existed four elements	(blank)
James Watt	developed the steam engine	(blank)
On the Cannibals	by Montaigne	(blank)
Thoughts on the Comet and Historical and Critical Dictionary	by Pierre Bayle	(blank)
On Diplomatics	by Jean Mabillon	(blank)
DuCange	published dictionary of medieval Latin for document translation	(blank)
James Usher	determined the “date of creation” as 4004 b.c. based on Bible	(blank)
Critical History of Old Testament	by Richard Simon	(blank)
Two Treatises of Government, Essay Concerning the Human Understanding, Reasonableness of Christianity, and Letter on Toleration	by John Locke	(blank)
Julian Calender revised	Gregorian calendar	(blank)
Law of War and Peace	by Hugh Grotius	1625
Law of Nature and of Nations	by Samuel Pufendorf	1672
Leviathan	by Thomas Hobbes	1651
Locke's Natural Rights	the rights to life, liberty, and property	(blank)
J.S. Bach	wrote church music , fugues, part of religious fervor	1720s
Handel	wrote The Messiah (___), part of religious fervor	1741
J.C. Lavater	physiognomy	(blank)
John Wesley	Methodist leader	(blank)
On the Mind and On Man	by Helvétius	(blank)
Sophie Condorcet	her salon eventually became center of liberal opposition to Napoleon, writer and translator of Adam Smith	(blank)
Sketch of the Progress of the Human Mind	by Condorcet	(blank)
Germaine de Staël	hosted salons, writer, deplored the subordination of women	1751-1772
Encyclopédie	edited by Denis Diderot	(blank)
Joseph II of Austria, Catherine the Great, Frederick the Great	"enlightened monarchs"	(blank)
Bishop Warburton	led Church of England as a social institution	(blank)
David Hume	skeptical philosopher	1711-1776
Dr. Samuel Johnson	compiled a new dictionary of the English language	(blank)
The Spirit of Laws	by Montesquieu	1748
Arts and Sciences, Origin of Inequality Among Men, Social Contract, Considerations on Poland, Emile, Nouvelle Héloïse	by Rousseau	(blank)
Physiocrats	men who wanted fiscal and tax reform and measures to increase the national wealth of France, opposed guild reform, used the term laissez-faire strong government to overcome traditional obstruction and to provide inducement to establish new industries	(blank)
Enquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations	Enquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations	1776
Pietism	Lutherans in Germany were stirred by this movement, which stressed the inner spiritual experience of ordinary persons	(blank)
Louis XV	French king. Fancied himself enlightened, but he was merely ineffective. He attempted to control the nobles by introducing new taxes and creating Marpeau parlements, but had only limited success.	(blank)
Louis XVI	French king. He was weak and caved to noble pressure. He failed to control nobles, and he repealed the Marpeau parlements. Nasty incident with a guillotine.	(blank)
Turgot	French minister of finance. He was a physiocrat, philosophe, and economic genius. Wanted to reshape tax system and abolish guilds, but he was dismissed by the parlement of paris.	(blank)
Maria Theresa	She worked hard to centralize the diverse Austrian empire. She welded provinces together, created a civil service, and made a huge tariff union. In general, she made the wise decision to leave Bohemia alone. She made large steps towards helping serfs.	1740-1780
Joseph II	Radically enlightened leader. He forced all the provinces to speak German, insisted on equality of taxes and religious tolerance, and tried to force a unified empire. He employed a secret service. He attempted huge gains for serfs. Nobles= :(	1780-1790
Vingtieme	French tax instated by Louis XV, which attempted to tax all classes equally. Based on income from property.	(blank)
Maupeau Parlements	Effort under Louis XV to disband the semi-feudal parlements and replace them with government-salaried judges. Ultimately, the Maupeau parlements were destroyed by noble resistance.	(blank)
Greek Project’	Developed in the 1772 war with Turkey where Catherine planned to replace the Muslims of the area with members of the Greek Orthodox Church. This plan never came to fruition.	(blank)
Peace Treaty	Catherine signed this with the Turks in 1774 and the sultan ceded the rights over the Tartan principalities on the north coast of the Black Sea.	(blank)

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