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neuro headaches

exam 7 alterations

QuestionAnswer
what is a migraine headache Recurring primary headache, often initiated by a triggering event and usually accompanied by a neurologic dysfunction
which gender are migraines more common in more common in women than men
are migraines genetic yes, have a familial association and are thought to be an autosomal dominant trait
how often do migraines occur and how long do they last May occur daily or as infrequently as yearly Can last from 4-72 hours
what are the two types of migraines with and without aura's
what is the cause of migraines No exact cause for migraines but an association with serotonin and migraines
what causes the pain in migraines Cerebral blood vessels narrow and reduce blood flow, followed by vasodilation, swelling and pain
manifestation of migraines Unilateral throbbing pain but can become bilateral as headache continues Chills/nausea/vomiting Fatigue/sensitivity to light
manifestation of migraines Sound/odor sensitivities Blurred vision Anorexia Hunger Diarrhea/abdominal cramps
manifestations of migraines Facial pallor Sweating Stiffness/tenderness of neck
what happens after a migraine headache area is sensitive to the touch, deep aching is present, and patients are exhausted
what are precipitating factors for migraines Rapid change in blood glucose levels Stress Emotional excitement Fatigue
what are precipitating factors for migraines Alcohol intake Stimuli (bright lights) Foods high in tyramine (aged cheese, nuts, chocolate and alcohol) Menstrual cycle
what are some suggestions for reducing migraines Wake up at the same time each day Eat your meals and exercise on a regular schedule No smoking or caffeine after 3pm
what are some suggestions for reducing migraines No artificial sweeteners of MSG Reduce or eliminate red wine, cheese, alcohol, chocolate and caffeine Practice relaxation techniques, yoga or meditation
what medications can be used for migraines Beta blockers (propranolol) Tricyclic anti-depressants (Endep) SSRI’s (Paxil) Calcium channel antagonist (Canlan)
what medications can be used for migraines Imitrex in oral, nasal spray or subq injection Zomig orally or nasal for treatment of headache Demerol for pain Antiemetics for nausea and vomitting
what is a cluster headache Extremely severe unilateral burning pain located behind or around the eyes
what population do cluster headaches effect Most common in men ages 20-40
how would a patient describe their cluster headache The headaches occur in clusters or groups of 1-8 each day for several weeks or months followed by remission lasting months to years
what are the causes of cluster headaches Caused by a vascular disorder, disturbance of serotonergic mechanisms, sympathetic defect or dysregulation of hypothalamus
what are the manifestations of cluster headaches Pain beginning 2-3 hours after falling asleep Awakes patient and lasts 15 minutes to 3 hours
what are the manifestations of cluster headaches Intense unilateral pain around or behind one eye accompanied by rhinorrhea, lacrimation, flushing, sweating, facial edema and possible mitosis on the affected head The same side the head is involved in each cluster headache
what are the precipitating factors of cluster headaches Alcohol intake Certain foods Smoking High altitude Sleep cycle disturbances
what medications can be used for cluster headaches Ergotamine tartrate suppository at bedtime to prevent attacks Inhaling 100% O2 at 7L/min for 15 minutes may relieve headaches
what meds can be used to prevent cluster headaches Calcium channel blockers Lithium carbonate Topiramate Baclofen Intranasal lidocaine
what are the interventions for cluster headaches combination of patient teaching, medications and measures to control contributing factors
Created by: bkgrota
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