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Sociology Ch 2.

Prerequisite for nursing sociology key terms for Unit 1 Ch. 2

QuestionAnswer
Cause and Effect A relationship between two or more variables in which one variable influences or explains the change in the other variables.
Correlation When two or more variables change value together in the same or opposite direction
Dependent Variable A variable whose value is believed to depend upon or to be caused by another
Experiments Carefully designed and controlled attempts, usually conducted in a laboratory, to determine the effect of specific variables on a particular dependent variable or on the behavior or attitudes of the experiment's subjects.
Field Research The study of social life in its natural setting
Hypothesis A statement of the expected relationship between two or more variables.
Independent Variable A variable that causes or produces change in the value of another (dependent) variable
Negative Correlation A relationship between two variables sucht that in the majority of cases, when one variable increases in value, the other decreases in value
operationalize To specify how the variable is to be measured
Participant Observation A research method in which the researcher systematically ovserves people while actually joining with them in their activities
Perfect Positive Correlation A relationship between two variables sucht that they both change together and the the same direction in all cases
Population The group of people to whom the results of research are applicable
Positive correlation A relationship between two variables sucht that they both change together in the smae direction in the majority of cases
Qualitive research Research that emphasizes the uncovering of subjective meaning and ways people interact in everyday life throught the use of descriptive, rather than numerical, data.
Quantitive Research Research that emphasizes the statistical analysis of numerical data
Random Sampling Process by which each member of a population of interest has the same chance of being selected for participation in the study
Reliability Consistency in the measurement of a variable over time; the quality of measurement of the variable that suggests that the same results and data would be collected in repeated observations
Representative Sample A subgroup of the population that accurately reflects the composition of the population as well as the distribution of important characteristics and attributes within the population
Sample A subgroup of the population from which the researcher will collect data
Secondary Analysis of Existing Data The use of data initially collected by other researchers to analyze a topic of interest
Validity The extent to which a measure actually measures what it is intended to measure
Deductive Model Begins with a general theory or set of hypotheses and then moves on to the collection of appropriate data to test the theory or hypotheses
Inductive (Grounded) Model Begins with specific observations, upon which a theoretical account is then fashioned that accounts for and explains the observations and their meanings.
Created by: frogz922
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