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SHOPE CH. 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What theory is a borrowed theory that has been applied to nursing? | Erickson's Theory of psychosocial development |
| What conceptual model views the person and env't as energy fields coextensive with the universe? | Roger's life process interactive person-env't model. |
| Who is considered to have been the first nursing thorist? | Florence Nightengale |
| How would you distinguish b/t theories and assumptions? | Assumptions are assumed to be true, theories are not. |
| The development of nursing knowledge depends on what? | Science and philosophy |
| Assumptions | Statements that describe concepts or connect 2 concepts that are factual. |
| Concepts | Mental formulations of an object or event that come from individual perceptual experience |
| Descriptive Theory | Describe phenomena, speculate on why they occur, and their consequences. |
| Domain | The view or perspective of the discipline. |
| Env't/Situation | Includes all possible conditions affecting the pt. and the setting in thich the health care needs occur. |
| Feedback | Process through which the output is returned to the system. |
| Grand Theory | Broad in scope and complex and req. further specification thru research before they can be tested. |
| Health | Goal of nursing care, defined in different ways by diff. pts., families, community. |
| Input | Info. that enters the system |
| Interdisciplinary Theory | Explains a systematic view of a phenomena specific to te discipline of inquiry, ie. Erickson's Theory |
| Middle-range Theory | More limited scope, less abstraction, address specific phenomena or concepts and reflect practice. |
| Nursing | Diagnosis and treatment of human responses to actual or potential health problems. |
| Nursing Theory | A conceptualization of some aspect of nursing communicated for the purpose of describing, explaining, predicting and/or prescribing nursing care. |
| Nursing's Paradigm | Direct the activity of the nursing profession. |
| Output | End product of a system |
| Paradigm | Explains the linkages of science, philosophy, and theory accepted and by the discipline |
| Phenomenon | Aspect of reality that can be consciously sensed or experienced. |
| Prescriptive Theory | Address nursing interventions and predict the consequence of a specific nursing intervention. |
| Theoretical Model | Refers to global ideas about individuals, groups, situations, or events of interest to a specific discipline from the view of the theorist |
| Theory | Set of concepts, definitions, relationships, and assumptions that project a systematic view of phenomena. |
| Nursing identifies its domain in a paradigm that includes: | The person, health, env't/situation and nursing. |
| Prescriptive Theories do what? | Have the ability to explain, relate, and in some situations predict nursing phenomena. |
| A theory is a set of concepts, definitions, relationships, and assumptions that do what? | Explain phenomena, developed after extensive research. |
| There is a contemporary move toward nursing science- or evidence based practice. This suggests that what? | Theories are tested and used to describe or predict pt. outcomes of nursing care |
| To practice in today's health care systems, nurses need a strong scientific knowledge base from nursing and other disciplines, such as the physical, social, behavioral sciences. What is this an example of? | Interdisciplinary theories |
| Knowledge of these assist the nurse in understanding and predicting the client's health behaviors, including use of health care services and adherence to recommended therapies. | Health and wellness models |
| These theories begin with conception and continue through death in an orderly process: | Developmental theories |
| Maslow's Heirarchy of needs is useful to nurses who continually prioritize and pt's nursing care needs. The most basic needs are what? | Air, water and food |
| Leninger's theory of cultural care diversity and universiality specifically address what? | Caring for clients from unique cultures |
| As an art, nursing relies on knowledge gained from practice and reflection of past experiences. As a science, nursing draws on what? | Scientifically tested knowledge that is applied in the practice setting. |
| Nightengale's Theory | Env't as the focus of nursing care. Orientated toward providing fresh air, light, warmth, cleanliness, quiet and adequate nutrition. |
| Peplau's Theory | Focus on individual, nurse, and the interactive process and the result is the nurse client relationship. Pt. is an individual w/ a felt need and nursing is an interpersonal, therapeutic process. |
| Rogers' Theory | Considers the individual as an energy field coexisting w/i the universe. Individual is in continuing interaction w/env't |
| Orem's Theory | Emphasizes the client's self care needs which is learned, goal oriented and directed toward the self. |
| Leninger's Theory | Care is the essence of nursing and the dominant, destinctive feature of nursing. Focus on cultural care. |
| Roy's Theory | Pt. is an adaptive system and must adapt to changing demands ie. meeting basic needs and performing social roles. |
| Watson's Theory | Philosophy of transpersonal caring that defines outcome of nursing activity in regard to humanistic aspects of life. Relationship of health, illness and behavior. |
Created by:
stephanielhope
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