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Chapter 10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Gould's Development themes | start when individuals are in their 20s with "I have to get away from my parents". The move away from parental influence is gradual as young adults establish themselves as adults. |
| Havighurst's developmental tasks | defined a serires of essential tasks that arise from predictable internal and external pressures. These pressures include increasinfg physical maturity, cultural pressure of society, and the individual's personal goals and aprirations |
| Individuation | is based on the child's awareness of differneces in will, viewpoint, and needs. This process permits the individual to gradually assume a more independent role and identity |
| Kohlberg's theory of moral development | A child's moral development did not advance if the child's cognitive development did not aslo mature. |
| libido | Motivation for behvior is to achieve pleasure and avoid pain created by these forces. (Sigmond Freud sexual libido) |
| Moral development | focuses on the description of moral reaoning. is the ability of an individual to distinguish right from wrong and to develop ethical values on which t o base his or her actions. |
| Piaget's theory of conginitive development. | children's intellectual organization, how they think, reason and percieve the world. Inculdes 4 periods and recognizes that children move through theses specifec perids at different rates but in the same sequence or order. |
| Piaget;s theory of moral development | presented 4 stages of morality: th epermoral stage, the conventional stage and the autonoumous stage. |
| Premoral stage | the child has no obligations to rules. |
| Proximodistal | from the trunk to the extremities. |
| physchoanalytic/Phychosocial development | attemps to describe the development of the human persoanlity , behavior, and emotions. |
| Separation | refers to child's recognition or biological distinctness and is based on hes emergence from a dependent relationship with his mother. |
| Children generally double their birth wieght by 5 months of age. This is an example of: | Physical growth |
| __________ development is the ability of an indevedual to distinguish right from worng and to develop ethical values on which to base his or her actions. | Moral |
| Freud's_______ development stage is a time of turbulence when earlier sexual urges reawaken n are directed to an individual outside the family circle. | Genital |
| The nurse teaches parents how to have their hildren learn impluse control and cooperative behaviors. This would be during Erickson's stage of development: | Initiative vs. Guilt |
| A 47-yr-old woman expresses dismay to the nurse that her young adult children are unemployed. Her husband is working and near retirement. She is not working and feels bored with her life and unneeded. She is experiencing Erickson's ____ stage of develop. | Generatviity Vs. Self-Absorption and stagnation |
| The development theorist who beloves his research descres a sequential process that takes place between the internal life (personality) of adults and thir outer world (culture, lifestyle) is: | Gould |
| "The die is cast" is consistent with Gould's theme for the: | 40's |
| During this stage the individual's thinking moves to absract and theoretical subjects. Thinking can venture into such subjects as achieving world peace, finding justice, and seeking meaning in life. | Formal operations |
| In this level of Kohlberg's moral development theory the perosn reflects on moral reasoning based on personal gain | Preconventional |
| The theorist who believed that girls do not need to separate form their mothers to achieved feminine identity is | Gilligan |
| According to Piaget, the school-aged child is in the third stage of develpment, which is characterized by: | Concrete operations |
| According to Erickson, the developmental task of adolescence is: | Self-identity Vs. role confusion |
| According to Erickson's developmental theory, the primary developmental taskof the middle year is to: | Achieve generativity |
| The following behavior is ost characterized by concrete operations stae of congnitive development. | Thought processess become incresingly logial and coherent |
| According to Koglberg, children develop moral reasoning as they mature. Which of the following is most characterisic of a preschooler's tage of moral development? | Actions are determined as god or bad in terms of their consequences. |
| Autonomous stage | morality, moral judgements are based on mutual respect for the rules. |
| Biophysical development | attempts to describe the way our physical bodies grow to change. |
| Cephalocaudal | from head to toe |
| Cognitive development | is focused on reasoning and thinking proces, including the changes in how people come to perform intellectual operations. |
| Conventional stage | children follow set up by those in authority |
| Differentation | is the process by which cells and structures become modified and develop more refined characteristics |
| Erickson's eight stage of life | indinviduals need to accomplish a particular task before successfully completing the stage. |
| Freud's psychoanalytical model of personality development | has 5 psychosexual developmentl stafes associated with different pleasurabel zones serving as the focusfor gratificaion and bodily pleasure. |
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jliotta
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