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Neuromedsurg2
neuro critical care
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Epithalamus | role in growth and development, regulation of the primitive "food getting reflex" |
| Limbic Lobe | regulates emotion and memory, formation of long term memory, associated with olfactory structures |
| Occipital Lobe | Vision, visual recognition of objects, reading comprehension. Damage will cause blindness. |
| Temporal Lobes | Hearing, taste, smell, vestibular sense, memory, understanding music, aggressiveness, sexual behavior. Damage will cause seizures with auras. |
| Parietal Lobes | sensory strip for the opposite side of the body. Awareness of position in space, sensory and spatial awareness, hand eye coordination, arm movement. Wernicke's area - damage causes receptive dysphagia. |
| Frontal Lobes | Higher cognitive functions - Broca's area - damage will cause expressive aphasia. |
| Hypothalamus | damage here causes exaggerated dry mouth, clammy hands, and blushing |
| Cerebellum | the learned, repetitive tasks (riding a bike) damage - ataxia, ataxic gait |
| Confused | patient is disoriented to time and place but usually to person with impaired judgement and decision making and decreased attention span. |
| Delirious | patient is disoriented to time, place, and person with loss of contact with reality and often has auditory or visual hallucinations. |
| Lethargic | Patient displays a state of drowsiness or inaction in which the patient needs an increased stimulus to be awakened. |
| Obtunded | Patient displays dull indifference to external stimuli and response is minimally maintained. Questions are answered with a minimal response. |
| Stuporous | Patient can only be aroused by vigorous and continuous stimuli. Motor response is often withdrawal or localizing to stimulus. |
| Comatose | Vigorous stimulation fails to produce any voluntary neural response. |
| Cheyne Stokes Respirations | Rhythmic cresendo and decresendo of rate and depth of respiration; includes brief periods of apnea. Cerebellar and bilateral deep cerebral lesions |
| Central Neurogenic Hyperventilation | Very deep, very rapid respirations with no apneic periods. Lesions to midbrain and pons. |
| Apneustic Respirations | Prolonged inspiratory and/or expiratory pause of 2-3 seconds. Lesions of the middle to lower pons. |
| Cluster breathing | Clusters of irregular, gasping respirations separated by long periods of apnea. Lesions of the lower pons and upper medulla. |
| Ataxic Respirations | Irregular, random pattern of shallow and deep respirations with irregular apneic periods. Lesions of the medulla. |
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606303760
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