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November 14, 2011
Intro Study Materials for Chapter 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Oral temp range | 36-37.5C |
| Rectal Temp range | 37-38C |
| Axillary Temp range | 36-37C |
| Radial Pulse range | 60-100 Count for 30 secs. and multiply by 2. If irregular, take for one full min |
| Aplical Pulse range | 60-100 |
| Respiration range | 14-22 |
| Blood Pressure range | 100/60-140/90 |
| Benign | not recurring or progressive |
| Malignant | tending or threatening to produce death, growing worse |
| Metastsis | Change in location of disease, transfer from one organ or body part to another |
| Incision | cut made with a knife |
| Suture | Uniting parts by stitching, thread or wire used in stitching parts together |
| Febrile | with fever |
| Afebrile | without fever |
| Diagnosis | denoting name of disease patient has |
| Prognosis | projection of outcome of disease |
| Acute | Sharp severe rapid onset |
| Chronic | lonf duration, slow progression, probably no recovery |
| terminal | reffering to illness which because of its nature can be expected to cause partient to die |
| Lesion | Injury or wound, area of altered tissue |
| Syndrome | group of signs or symptoms that collectively characterized a particular disease or abnormal condition |
| Diaphoresis | Sweating |
| Diuresis | Increased formation and secretion of unrine |
| Lethargy | Sliggish, stupor |
| General Practitioner | Specialist in family medicine |
| Internist | Specialist in internal medicine |
| Cardiologist | Internist who specializes in heart disease |
| Gastroenterologist | Interist who speializes in gastrointestinal disease |
| Neurologist | Internist who specializes in disease of the nervous system |
| Surgeon | Specialist in surery or removal of an organ or its parts |
| Obstetrician | Specialist in delivery of babies, prenatal and postpartum care of mothers |
| Pediatrician | Specialist in the care and treatment of infants and children |
| Geriatician | Specialist in the care of the aged |
| Gynecologist | Specialist in diseases of the female reroductive system |
| Dermatologist | Specialist in disease of the skin |
| Psychiatrist | Specialist in the treatment of disease or disorders of the mind....Can give meds |
| Psychologist | Specialist in assisting individuals with emotional problems...Cant give meds |
| Endocrinologist | Specialist in the endocrine system |
| Anesthesiologist | Specialist who perscribes and administers anesthetics |
| Pathologist | Specialist who studies tissue to determine cause of disease |
| Orthopedist | Specialist in the care and treatment of disease of bones, tendons, ligaments, and muscles |
| Otolaryngologist | Specialist in disease of the ear nose and throat |
| Radiologist | Specialist who reads or determins internal conditaions from x-rays and may prescribe treatment using radio-active elements |
| Parmacologist | Specialist in the science of drugs and their use in the treatment of diseases |
| Oncologist | Specialist in the treaing and studying cancer |
| Ophthalmologist | Specailist in the care and treatment of disease of the eye |
| Optician | A manufacturewe and seller of eyeglasses |
| Optometrist | Specialist who only examines eyes and prescribes glasses |
| Podiatrists/Chiropodist | Specialist in problems with the feet |
| Orthodontist | Specialist in mouth and bone structures; one who corects the occlusion of teeth |
| Osteopath | Specialist who uses mostly manipulation to restore structual and functional balance in disease |
| Chiropractor | Specialist who treats disease and disorders by manipulating the spinal column to relieve pressure on spinal nerves |
| List factors which can affect the temperature | Age, exercise, hormones, stress, environment, illness, diurnal variations |
| List factors which may affect the pulse | Age,gender,exercise,medication,hemorrage,stress |
| List 2 contraindications for oral routes of taking temerature | Can not use on unconscience People who have oral inflamation or oral surgery |
| List 2 contraindications for rectal routes of taking temperature | infants or patients that have had surgery on rectum mouth breather |
| The _______ route is considered the most accurate for measureing temperature. The _______ route is considered the least accrate | Rectal;Axillary |
| Common sites used to obtain the pulse | Bracial, radial, carotid, femoral, temporal, popliteal, pedal |
| In addition to the rate, what 2 other characteristics of a pulse must be noted? | Rhythem, Volume |
| When obtaining an aplical pulse, the stethoscope is places_____________ | Over the 5th intercoastal space, midclavicular line |
| The difference between aplical and radial pulse rate is termed | Pulse deficit |
| An irregular pulse is counted for ____ Seconds | 60 |
| Describe how to remain inconspicuous yet still obtain an accurate respitory rate | leave fingures in place over pulse site |
| An addition to the rate, what other characteristic of respirations should be observed | Depth, Rhythm, Quality |
| A gradual increase followed by a gradual decrease in depth of respirations, then a period of no breathing is called | Chegres- Strokes |
| What is meant by the volume of the pulse | Force of blood exerted with each beat |
| The medical term used to describe a patieant who has an elevation of body temperature | Pyrexia |
| List 2 precautions the nurse should take when obtaining a rectal temperature | 1. Lubricated thermometer 2.Hold thermometer in place |
| Name 3 common problems of the hair | 1. Dandruff 2. Alopecia 3. Lice (Pediculosis) |
| List 3 symptoms of pediculosis | 1. Itching scalp marks 2. Hemorrhagle spots on skin/scalp 3. Prensence of nits |
| Hair is normally combed at least____ a day | Once |
| List 2 ways to free tangles from hair | 1. Use short gentle strokes, work from the end of the hair to the shaft 2. Use alcohol and soak in hair for 5 mins then shampoo out |
| List 2 methods of shampooing a pt's hair | 1. Disposable System 2. pt on gurney |
| Name 3 important points to remember when caring for a pt with the pediculosis | 1. do not wash towels or wash cloths with others 2.Can be transmitted through direct contact (DO NOT use same combs or brushes 3. Follow treatment dirctions caefully and monitor |
| T or F...When shaving use long firm strokes? | False |
| T or F...A pt with bleeding tendencies must be shaved with an electric razor | True |
| List ideal conditions for promoting good elimination | privacy, trying to sit upright, do not ignor the urge to go |
| Identify factors that affect defecation | ignoring the urge to eliminate,decrease fiber, medications, over use of laxative, emotional tension, not enough exercise, not enough fluids |
| Describe common fecal elimination problems | Impaction, constipation, irregular and enfrequent elimination |
| Differentiate between normal and abnormal appearances of stool | normal-75% water 25% solid brown abnormal- liquid not brown |
| identify signs of common urinary problems | not urinating, unrine is brownish red or dark, urin has an odor, the amount of unrin that is secreted (too much or too little) |
| Differentiate between normal and abnormal appearances or unrine | Normal-95% water 5% waste solutes, light yellow abnormal-reddish brown smells not clear |
| Define termonology associated with elimination | polyuria- putting out a lot of unrine frequency- having to go all the time (not in big amounts) Oliguria- small amounts Anuria-no pee Dysuria-difficult in peeing |
| State measures used to promote elimination | put hand in warm water, run warm water over female meatus,run water |
| Given a pt situation,discuss appropriate technique for giving a bedpan or urinal | roll pt on side tuck under them, or bend knees lift up butt. Put on gloves to put under or take away, never put bedpan or unrinal on side table,have tissue or peri wash handy, hold bed pan so urine doesnt spill when turning pt over |
| List theriputic diets stating their purpose and food included | clear liquid-right after surgery full liquid- anything liquid at room temperature soft diet-no fiber no raw veggies,beef bland-GI and gallbladder problems no fied caffine or pop low fat low sodium no added salt BRAT-bananas rice applesause toast |
| List factors that might affect pt's appetite | stress surgery |
| discuss proper procedure for feeding pt | make sure pt has correct tray,pt is comfortable sitting position, help prep food(cutting),make sure new pt can swallow and chew,if feeding pt you need to be sitting not standing |
| State what items must be measured for intake and output | all fluids intake and all fluids out put |
| Explain purpose of I | acess body fluid balance, determin if pt is taking adiquate fluids to meet normal requirments, determin voiding patterns and urninary functions, insure increase fluid intake |
| relate proper procedure for recording I | 30ml=1oz outcome measure in graduate hat urninals emisis basin then empty into graduate record all fluids even water given with meds and any food that is lilquid at room temperature |
Created by:
bjbert
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