click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
medterm dig and resp
digestion and respiratory systems
Question | Answer |
---|---|
gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) | a condition in which contents of the stomach flow back into the esophagus |
hepatitis | inflammation of the liver |
inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) | inflammation of the terminal portion of the ileum (Crohn disease) |
Crohn disease | inflammation of the colon; (ulcerative colitis) |
barium enema (lower GI series) | barium is injected into the anus and rectum and x-ray images are taken of the colon |
Hemoccult test | feces are placed on paper containing the chemical guaiac, which reacts with hidden(occult) blood. |
an important screening test for cancer | Hemoccult test |
liver function tests (LFTs) | measurements of liver enzymes and other substances in the blood. Enzyme levels increase when the liver is damaged (as in hepatitis) |
examples of liver enzymes | ALT, AST, and alkaline phosphatase (alk phos) |
high bilirubin (blood pigment) levels indicate | jaundice caused by liver disease or other problems affecting the liver |
anastamosis | surgical creation of an opening between two gastrointestinal organs |
examples of anastamosis | gastrojejunostomy, cholecystojejunostomy, and choledochoduodenostomy |
choledoch/o | common bile duct |
GB | gallbladder |
GI | gastrointestinal |
IBD | inflammatory bowel disease (Chrohn disease and ulcerative colitis) |
NPI | nothing by mouth (nil per os) |
TPN | total parenteral nutrition (IV solutions are given to maintain nutrition) |
mouth | opening that is the beginning of the digestive system |
pharynx | throat |
esophagus | tube that carries food to the stomach |
stomach | organ that receives food from the esophagus and sends it to the intestine |
duodenum | first part of the small intestine |
jejunum | second part of the small intestine |
ileum | third part of the small intestine |
colon | large intestine |
ileostomy | new opening of the third part of the small intestine to the outside of the body |
gastralgia | pain of the stomach |
cirrhosis | chronic disease of the liver with degeneration of liver cells |
cholelithiasis | abnormal condition of gallstones |
jaundice | yellow-orange coloration of the skin and other tissues |
phren/o | diaphragm |
asthma | spasm and narrowing of bronchi, leading to bronchial airway obstruction. |
atelectasis | collapsed lung |
atel/o | incomplete |
-ectasis | indicates dilation or expansion |
sputum test | a patient expels sputum by coughing and the sputum is analyzed for bacterial content |
tuberculin test | agents are applied to the skin with punctures or injection and the reaction is noted. |
tuberculin reaction | redness and swelling result in people sensitive to the test substance and indicate previous or current infection with tuberculosis |
CO2 | carbon dioxide (gas expelled from the lungs) |
COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (chronic bronchitis and emphysema) |
CPR | cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
CXR | chest x-ray |
O2 | oxygen (gas entering the blood stream through the lungs) |
PE | pulmonary embolism (blockage of vessels in the lung by a blood clot) |
PFTs | pulmonary function tests |
SOB | shortness of breath |
URI | upper respiratory infection |
VATS | video-assisted thoracic surgery (using small incisions and an endoscope) |
epiglottis | flap of cartilage over the mouth of the trachea |
larynx | voice box |
bronchiole | small bronchial tube |
pharyng/o | throat |
bronch/o | tube that carries air from the windpipe to the lung |
trache/o | windpipe |
pneumon/o | lung |
pneumonectomy | resection of a lung |
laryngeal | pertaining to the voice box |
pharyngitis | inflammation of the throat |
tracheostomy | creation of an opening into the windpipe through the neck and insertion of a tube to create an airway |
thoracentesis | insertion of a needle through the skin between the ribs and into the pleural space to drain a pleural effusion |