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SOCWK4

Sociology

QuestionAnswer
Family of orientation family into which individuals are born & the source of most of our socialization
Family of procreation family an individual creates when they marry and have children
Nuclear family a couple and children that live away from other family members
Extended family consists of 2 or more closely related families who share a household and are economically and emotionally bound together in the group
Kinship Group a network of people whose social relationships are based on common ancestry (blood), marriage, adoption, and/or affiliation.
Courtship the process that allows people to promote their assets, talents, and ambitions.
Cohabitation the living arrangement of 2 people without a legal marriage.
Marriage a socially approved arrangement between two or more people
Monogamy the marriage of one woman and one man
Serial monogamy a marriage pattern in which a person has several spouses over a lifetime, but only one at a time.
Polygamy is a form of marriage in which a person has multiple spouses
Polygyny a man marries 2 or more women
Polyandry one woman marries 2 or more men.
Group marriage marriage between 2 or more men and 2 or more women
Endogamy the norms that require people to find mates within a specific group or social category.
Exogamy a norm that requires people to find marriage partners outside their group or social category.
Homogamy refers to the selection of a mate with personal and social characteristics (racial, ethnic, social class & religious background) similar to one’s own.
Patrilineal trace descent through male relatives only
Matrilineal trace descent through women only.
Bilineal a type of kinship in which descent is traced by both the father & mother
Patrilocal residence married partners settle in or near the household of the husband’s father.
Patriarchy a system in which the husband has more authority in the family
atrilocal residence married partners settle in or near the household of the wife’s father
Matriarchy a system in which the wife has greater authority in the family;
Neolocal residence married partners establish new residence separate from the kin of either spouse.
Egalitarian the husband and wife have equal say in most domestic situations.
Romantic love is a unique type of love. It involves physical and emotional attraction that is characterized by sexual desire, obsession with one person, and personal fulfillment
Blended families families in which at least one member of the adult couple is a step-parent
Self-fulfilling prophecy predictions about students’ abilities shape the students’ future actions and behaviors in such a way that the predictions come true
De jure segregation segregation based on local laws
De facto segregation segregation based on residential/housing patterns
Hidden Curriculum an aspect of education designed to teach dominant norms, values, and consensus ideology
Tracking an educational practice in which students are grouped according to their teachers’ judgments of their ability
Credentialism an overemphasis on educational credentials. It’s a method that requires certain advanced degrees for people to be considered for certain jobs.
Sacred is anything regarded as part of the supernatural; it inspires respect & awe; the sacred is deemed holy & divine.
Profane represents ordinary, commonly misunderstood, and routine activities that people take for granted as they go about their ordinary lives.
Animatism a system of beliefs in which supernatural forces rather than beings (gods or spirits) are the dominant power in the universe.
Animism the belief of active animated spirits operating in the world.
Theism the belief of one or more supreme beings or gods, who because of their power and influence, deserve to be worshipped.
Monotheism religions that acknowledge the existence of a single, supreme god
Polytheism belief in more than one god
Ethical religions are philosophical ideals that show how people may achieve enlightenment, peace, and harmony
Ecclesia is a large, formally organized religious body that includes most members of society.
Denomination/church a well-established, socially accepted religious organization that maintains tolerant relations with other denominations.
Sect a small, less formally organized religious group that usually has separated from a denomination and is in a negative tension with the larger society.
Cult loosely organized religious movement that includes religious beliefs and practices that are novel and at odds with mainstream religious traditions.
“Opiate of Masses” explains that the dominant religion reinforces interests of those in power
The Protestant Ethic disciplined, moral commitment to conscientious work and delayed gratification
Secularization the process by which religion loses its influence on society; religious morals and norms have lost its impact
Created by: razots
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