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head and spinal cord

head and spinal cord injuries

QuestionAnswer
Concussion: minor, closed head injury, brief disruption of LOC, amnesia, headache Skull fractures: Linear or depressed Simple, comminuted, or compound Closed or open
Open • Open injury there is laceration of the scalp and fracture from broken vessels accumulates, and edema develops causing increased intracranial pressure (ICP)
Closed • Closed injury is one in which the scalp and skull remain intact, but the underlying brain tissue is damaged.
contusion o brain tissue is bruised, blood from broken vessels accumulates, edema, ICP
Coup-contrecoup injury o Acceleration-deceleration injury o Elder care points o Brain atrophies with age o Allows for more movement inside the cranium
•Subdural hematoma oRupture blood vessels between arachnoids’ membrane covering the brain and dura mater. oAnticoagulant therapy, elderly as a result of a fall, small vessels, slow developing oRisk factor: patient who are taking anticoagulants are at a higher risk of gett
•Epidural hematoma oLife threatening, rapid, above dura matter from meningeal artery unconsciousness, headache, nausea/vomiting, dilation of opsilateral pupil, quick increase ICP oOpsilateral bleeding: same side bleeding. Change in pupil on opsilateral.
•Intracerebral hematoma o Within the brain, the edema is going to find a way to get out and the only way out is the nose, ear, and mouth.
diagnosis of head injuries radiography ofthe skull computed tomography EEG MRI
treatment of head injuries all measures to keep ICP from rising are intituted for serious head injuries
ICP prevention or keep it from rising Intracranial Pressure patent airway head raised 30-40 degrees with the body in correct alignment close monitoring of neurologic signs vascular access for medications (diuretics) slow
Created by: joana88
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