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Range joint motion

Normal range of joint motion

QuestionAnswer
Flexion Bending of limb
Extension Straightening of limb
Hyperextension Movement of body part beyond normal resistance
Pronation "Face down" position of body part
Supination "Face up" position of body part
Abduction Movement of extremity away from midline
Adduction Movement of extemity towards midline
Internal Rotation Rotation of joint inward
External Rotation Rotation of joint outward
Eversion Turning of body part away from midline
Inversion Turning of body part towards midline
Dorsiflexion Bending of toes and foot upward
Plantar Flexion Bending of toes and foot downward
Name 3 complications that may result if passive range of motion is not performed for clients who are unable to move joint independently Contractures; Muscle atrophy; Joint stiffness
What is Active range of motion? When clients are actively and independently able to perform their own exercises and move their own joints
What is passive range of motion? When staff facilitates joint movements for the client. If nurses do not perform the exercises for the client, a variety of complications can result including contractures, muscle atrophy (wasting away or reducing in size), or joint stiffness.
How do you assess range of motion? Ask them to move their extremities up, down and outward. Assess for symmetry, strength, and if the movement is full or partial. If client is unable to move an extremity independently, the nurse should then perform passive range of motion exercises.
What is continuous Passive Motion Machines (CPM)? Clients who have undergone total joint replacement surgery will be placed on a CPM machine as part of therapy after surgery. CPM machine continues to move joints and assist with healing. The degree of movement changes as joint heals.
Created by: kristyb
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