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Human Meaning of Dea
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Dates of the Tame Death Era? | 4th Century to 1343. |
| What era believes that Death sends a warning? And what are it's characteristics? | Pre-Death Vision, indefinite boundary between natural and supernatural, normal for dying person to know death is near, warning comes through natural signs/inner conviction/ spontaneous realization. |
| Place of Burial in Tame Death Era? | Fear of not rising from the dead was christian equivalent of ancestral fear of dying without burial. Burial "ad sanctos" --burial near sacred site. near a saint for protection. to rise with saint on the Last Day Body was trusted to care of the churc |
| Churchyard in the Tame Death Era? | usual to bury dead in a common grave. Near the church for "ad sanctos" |
| What is a Charnel? | House of bones, common graves would be emptied, bones placed in attics of galleries or above the arches of cloisters or in the crypt. Bones were usually visible. Tame Death Era. |
| Tame Death Era Themes. | the awareness of the individual is low. Community has a high value. Death is viewed as wild and controlled through rituals, belief in the afterlife is universal, the culture believes that evil exists and is equal to death. |
| Death of Self Era Dates? | 1348 to mid 17th century |
| What caused a change in attitude during the death of self era? | Black Death. |
| Theology surrounding the Death of Self Era. | -collective salvation becomes individual -development of purgatory and praying for salvation of the person's soul -growth in concept of dualism |
| What is the liber vitae? and what era is it concerned with? | Book of Life. Death of Self |
| The moment of death judgment was established in which era? | Death of Self. |
| What is a transi? What Era was it first concerned? | artistic representation, image of corpse--often in decomposition, product of the imagination, showed what could not be seen, figures and tombs of various styles. Death of Self Era |
| Place of burial during the death of self era? | churchyards, common graves and charnels, the wealthy had individual coffin, individual monuments, burial "ad sanctos" |
| Death of Self Era themes? | The awareness of the individual is beginning. Community is still dominant, death is viewed as wild and is controlled through rituals. Belief in afterlife is universal with the beginning. The culture believes that evil exists and is equal to death. |
| Dates of Remote and Imminent Death Era? | 17th and 18th Centuries |
| Position of Death during Remote and Imminent Death era? | Must live in a state of "ars moriendi" (the art of dying) every moment of living. Moment of Death Judgment has lost its power. Influence of Protestantism. |
| Place of Burial during the Remote and Imminent Death era? | churchyard still used without common graves. lychgate (entrance to the churchyard) invitations to funerals would be sent. |
| When was sensibility of the cadaver important? Describe | Remote and Imminent Death Era. parts of the body were believed to have great healing powers private dissections. mummification was practiced for a short time in the late 18th century |
| The Living Dead. What era did it begin? Describe | Idea ties with the sensibility of the cadaver. Based on ancient fear of being buried alive. From this attitude came the earliest funeral homes "vitae dubiae azilia" (shelters for the doubtful life). |
| Thanatos and Eros. What is it? What era is it from? | Theme found in art and literature that links sex and death. Public sexuality becomes a social taboo. Death is no longer peaceful but violent and sudden. |
| What is necrophilia? | love of dead bodies. This is a common theme in literature and art in the Remote and Immmient Death Era. |
| Remote and Immnient Death Era themes? | Awareness of the individual was beginning to emerge Death begun to return to its savage nature The culture believes that hell exists The culture believes that evil exists in many forms, even death. |
| Dates for Death of the Other Era? | 19th Century to 1914. |
| Position of Death during Death of the Other Era. | Death is seen as an intrinsic part of the fragile existence of nature. Primary concern is death of Loved One. Growth of emotional ties ie. Family. |
| Deathbed scene during Death of the Other Era | Very similar to the earlier Eras but only including the family - children were not excluded. Religious rituals varied - no longer urging of last minute conversions. |
| Place of Burial during Death of Other Era? | churchyard still used without common graves. Lychgate still often used Development of family plot Public cemetaries graceful easy access for visitation. |
| Death of the Other Themes | the awareness of the individual is strong with an emphasis on family affiliation. Death, although wild, is natural and therefore beautiful. Culture believes that hell does not exist. Culture believes that evil exists but it can be beautified through rites |
| Beautiful/Romantic Death dates | 19th and early 20th century |
| Theme of Beautiful/Romantic Death theme. | souls would be reunited in endless cycle of nature - prolonging earthly affection for eternity. |
| Beautiful Romantic Death Ideas | Keep loved one alive in memory monuments have the theme of sleep and sadness angels commonly used funeral ceremonies, simple and moving. announced through invitation, and death announcements. Processions solemn. graves visited. elaborate monuments. |
| Invisible Death Era Dates. | 1920s to end of 20th Century |
| Position of death during Invisible Death Era | death is shameful and forbidden dramatic change in attitude not natural but technical |
| Acceptable Death. Era and describe. | Invisible Death Era, death that can be tolerated by survivors, death gives no warning. sudden. |
| Dramatic Change in attitude during Invisible Death era. | place of death. death scene. nature of dying. changed causes of death. geographical morbidity. nuclear family. |
| Mourning in the Invisible Death Era. | mourning customs abandoned. grief is avoided with emotions considered private. bereaved are isolated grief is viewed as a malady children excluded and protected from all aspects of death. |
| Place of Burial during Invisible Death Era | cemeteries traditional and easy care. mausoleums gain popularity cremations - disposition of cremated remains in various locations beginnings of return to elaborate monuments and memorials. |
| European customs of Invisible Death Era. | no outward rituals of mourning excessive emotion is "morbid" mourning - solitary and shameful cremation - most common form of disposition. |
| American Customs of Invisible Death Era. | Funeral Homes - death specialists Do not want death to totally disappear as in Europe Synthesis of two tendencies: traditional and euphoric |
| Invisible Death Era Themes | Awareness of the individual is supreme. Individual rights are held as high value. Death, although natural, is tamed by technology. The culture does not believe in hell and questions the existence of heaven The culture believe that Evil does not exist. |
Created by:
kristenwolin
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