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ventilators
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a mechanical ventilator | Generates a controlled gas into a patient's airways. |
| Mechanical Ventilator can what? | Can either take over respiratory function or can assist the patient's own airway. |
| Why are patients placed on ventilators? | -Respiratory Distress -Cardiac Failure -Head Injuries -Burns -Anesthesia -Overdose -Neuromuscular disease -Provide stability of the chest |
| What is the most common artificial short-term use airway? | Endotracheal Tube (ETT) |
| What does ETT assist in? | -Airway Maintenance -Oxygenation and ventilation -Removal secretions -Route for emergency medication |
| What are the disadvantages of being on a ETT? | -Patient needs sedations -Patient cannot speak -Risk broken teeth and laceration -Patient may believe they are breathing through a straw. |
| Post Intubation | -Assess lungs sounds -CO2 detector -Obtain PCXR -Be ready to sedate and restrain |
| Volume Cycled Ventilator? | Designed to use a preset tidal volume and then allow passive expiration |
| Pressured Cycled Ventilators? | Deliver gas at a preset pressure, then allow passive expiration. |
| Benifits of pressured cycled ventilation? | Decreased risk of lung damage from high inspiratory pressure |
| Disadvantage of Pressured Cycled Ventilation? | May not receive entire TV if lung compliance poor or restrictive disease. |
| What is a mandatory breath? | Breath started,controlled, and ended by the ventilator. Ventilator does all the work. |
| What is Assisted Breath? | Started by the patient, but controlled and ended by the ventilator. |
| What is Spontaneous Breath? | -Intiated, controlled and ended by the patient. However, the amount of pressure and volume from the ventilator is determine by the patient demand. |
| Controlled Ventilation | Provides a preset volume for mechanical breath regardless of Patient respiratory efforts are ignored. |
| What is Assisted Controlled Ventilation? | Delivers breath both in response to independent effort as well as the user fails to do so in a preset amount of time. |
| What is Synchronous Intermittent Manual Ventilation (SIMV? | Forced ventilation breath are synchronized with the user respiratory efforts. |
| What is Pressure Support Ventilation? | Preset pressure that augments the patient's inspiratory effort and decreases the work of breathing |
| What is Positive End Expiratory Pressure (PEEP)? | Positive Pressure is added at the end of expiratory rate. |
| What is High Frequency Ventilation | Deliver small amount of gas at a rapid rate (60-100 breath/min)and requires sedation/paralysis to use |
| What is Tidal Volume? | The volume of gas delivered in each ventilation breath. Determined by 5-15cc/kg body weight. |
| What is Fractional Inspired Oxygen? | The amount of oxygen delivered by the machine to the user of .21% to 100% |
| What does ventilation mean? | The how well CO2 is being removed from the blood, measured by CO2. |
| What problems can PEEP cause? | Barotrauma, Decrease CO, Fluid retention, Respiratory Alkalosis, IICP. |
| What are the Complications associated with Mechanical Ventilation. | Barotrauma, Pneumonia, Decreased Cardiac Output, and Dependence. |
| Care of client with Mechanical Ventilation | -Repostioning of the -Assessment (making sure is the tube is place well, breakdown and etc.) -Oral Care -Suctioning -Nutrition -Cuff Pressures -Pharmacological Management -Special airflow beds |
| What are Pharmacological Management? | -Sedative -Neuropleptics -Analgesics -Paralytic |
| What are the reason to a Low-Pressure Alarm would be going off? | Patient Disconnection -Circuit Leaks -Airway Leaks -Chest Tube Leak |
| What are the common causes of high pressure alarm | -Patient Coughing -Secretion and mucus in the airway -Patient biting tube -Airway problems -Reduce lung compliance -Increased airway resistance -Patient fighting ventilation -Accumalation of water in the circuit. -Problems with inspiratory an |
| What do you do if the ventilator start malfunctioning and or the patient is not receiving the good amount of oxygen. | "Bag em" |
| What is weaning? | Shifting the breathing function from the machine to the patient |
| What does SIMV allows for patient during the weaning process? | Allows the pt to intiate breaths on their own to help respiratory muscle strength. |
| True or False Does weaning decrease respiratory rate to promote independent breathing? | True!! |
| What are the factors that affect weaning? | -Cardiovascular -Fluid Overload -Excessive secretion -Psychological readiness |
Created by:
obioma
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