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Foundations Exam 1
Chapters 4,8,34,&38
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is the definition of Phenomenon? | An aspect of reality that people CONSCIOUSLY sense or experience. |
What is a conceptualization of some aspect of nursing communicated for purpose of describing, explaining, predicting, and/or prescribing nursing care? | Nursing Theory |
With regards to the components of a theory, what would a patients stress response represent? | Phenomenon |
With regards to the components of a theory, what would a patient describing a pain at a 5 represent? | Concept |
What is the definition of nursing according to the ANA? | The diagnosis and treatment of HUMAN RESPONSES to actual or potential health problems. |
A 56 year old man was admitted to the ER with chest pain. What action do you take? | Focused assessment |
A patient is hypoxic with signs of cyanosis, pallor, and is hyperventilating, if that patient is not suffering from COPD, what is the first thing you do? | O2 therapy |
HTN is measured by? | Blood Pressure |
Interdisciplinary Theories include: | Systems, Basic Human Needs, Developmental, and Psychosocial Theories |
Complex and very broad theories that REQUIRE MORE RESEARCH are... | Grand Theories (ex: Neuman Systems Model) |
Theories that reflect SPECIFIC PHENOMENON and PRACTICE are... | Middle-Range Theories (theories on incontinence) |
Theories that DESCRIBE PHENOMENA, why they occur, and their consequences are... | Descriptive. |
A patient comes in complaining of chest pain that gets worse when they sit up from a laying position is an indicator of what system? | Respiratory ( the pleural lining is inflamed and rubbing causing pain) |
A Theory that designates the nursing interventions, the conditions under which the interventions are applied and the consequences of those interventions are... | Prescriptive |
What is an example of an open system theory? | A human organism interacting with the environment |
An example of a closed system theory? | a reaction within a test tube |
What is the specific goal of the nursing process? | to organize and deliver an individualized approach to nursing care. |
Data that is collected during the client's assessment... | Input |
Informs the system (nursing process) about how it functions | Feedback |
The nursing process involves | ADPIE |
According to Maslow's Hierarchy, which need is most important? | Physiological needs |
A client with severe burns tells you they are a vegiterian, how does this affect their treatment? | Dietary needs |
Nightingale's theory, directing the nurse to act on behalf of the client, is a... | Descriptive Theory |
The need for nursing occurs when the client can no longer adapt to internal or external environmental demands. This theory is called.. | Roys Theory |
Theory consists of? | Phenomenon, concepts, definitions, and assumptions |
According to Benner ____ is the essence of excellent nursing practice. | Caring |
According to Benner and Wrubel,_____ is a state of being that people define in relation to their own values, personality, and lifestyle. | Health |
According to Benner and Wrubel, _____ is the EXPERIENCE/PERCEPTION of loss or dysfunction. | Illness |
According to Benner and Wrubel, _____ is the MANIFESTATION of an abnormality. | Disease |
Therapeutic Patient Centered Care is? | When a nurse listen to clients' stories about their illnesses in order to obtain an UNDERSTANDING of the meaning of the illness to that person. |
The concept of care, from a TRANS-CULTURAL perspective, would be described as the essence and central, unifying, and dominant domain that distinguishes nurses by what theorist? | Madeline Leininger |
Providing Presence is defined... | Being there and Being with the patient |
Being there for your patient is defined... | Physical, communication, and understanding; being attentive to the client. |
Being with your patient is defined... | Being available and at a clients disposal; assuring that their questions are answered and they understand them. |
Protective touch is... | A form of touch that protects the nurse and/or client. Negative when withdrawing emotionally and Positive when protecting from falls |
Active listening involves... | understanding the meaning of what a client says |
You can truly know your clients through... | active listening |
Swanson's Theory of Caring involves... | Knowing, being with, doing for, enabling, and maintaining belief. |
According to Swanson's Theory of Caring Knowing is... | Striving to understand an event as it has meaning in the life of the other. |
According to Swanson's Theory of Caring Being with is... | Being emotionally present to the other |
According to Swanson's Theory of Caring Doing for is... | Acting on behalf of another as he or she would for the self if it were at all possible. |
According to Swanson's Theory of Caring Enabling is... | Facilitating the other's passage through life transitions (birth, death) and unfamiliar events. |
According to Swanson's Theory of Caring Maintaining Belief is... | Sustaining faith in the other's capacity to get through an event or transition and face a future with meaning. |
Caring in nursing represents the ___ of nursing. | Art |
______ caring allows us to look beyond the patient's disease and the conventional treatment of the disease. | Trans personal |
In Watson's theory he focuses on what? | Putting caring before curing but still meeting human needs. |
What is a behavior that, when reoccurring, clients value and see as caring? | recognizing the client as unique |
Nurses make professional decisions based on intellectual and analytical principles and an... | ethic of care |
An ethic of care is concerned not only with a nurse's character and attitude toward others but... | relationships between people. |
Nurses behaviors related to caring include... | providing presence, a caring touch, and listening. |
Non-contact touch refers to... | eye contact |
Fredriksen described touch as... | Task orientated, caring, and protective. |
Task orientated touch involves | touch that occurs when performing a procedure. Conveys security and a sense of competence. |
Caring touch is... | a form of nonverbal communication, which successfully influences a client's comfort and security, enhances self-esteem, and improves reality orientation. |
Spiritual health occurs... | when a person finds a balance between his or her own life values, goals, belief systems, and those of others. |
What is a safe environment? | Meeting basic needs, reducing physical hazards, reducing the transmission of pathogens, sanitation, and controlling pollution. |
A low concentration of CO is evident by... | Nausea, dizziness, headache, and fatigue. |
What does CO do to the body? | Impairs the ability for O₂ to combine with Hbg in our blood. |
A pathogen is what? | Any microorganism capable of producing an illness. |
What are the risks related to air pollution? | Prolonged exposure increases rick of pulmonary disease. |
Noise pollution can produce... | sensory overload |
Threats to an adult's safety are frequently related to... | lifestyle habits |
What is the leading cause of death for healthy children 1 yr and older? | Accidental injury |
Individual risk factors for client safety include lifestyle, impaired mobility, lack of safety awareness and... | sensory or communication impairment |
What determines needed education for staff as well as procedural process or protocol changes that need to be made? | Incident reports |
What are MSDS'? | Material Safety Data Sheets |
What are MSDS' used for? | providing detailed information about a chemical, any health hazards imposed, and precautions for safe handling and use. |
What are client inherent accidents? | Accidents other than falls where the client is the primary reason for the accident. |
Prolonged seizure activity or repeated seizures indicate... | Status Epilepticus |
What are procedure related accidents? | Accidents that occur during therapy. Nurses are able to prevent these. |
What is the #1 criteria for assessing if a patient has a risk for falls? | History of falls |
What biographical information effects the nursing diagnosis of risk for falls? | Age |
A biological agent that has symptoms like the flue with possible brief interim improvement is... | Anthrax |
A biological agent that mimics food poisoning is... | Botulism |
A rapidly increasing incidence of a disease, an unusual increase in people seeking care with fever, and clusters of clients arriving from a single locale can be signs of what? | Bio terrorism-related outbreak. |
Planning involves... | Goals and outcomes, setting priorities, and collaborative care. |
When nurses direct their interventions toward maintaining the clients safety in all types of setting they are taking part in what? | Implementation |
What is being introduced in health care facilities to prevent falls? | HOURLY rounding |
A restraint can be... | human, mechanical, chemical, and/or physical |
What is the nurses duty in the event of a seizure? | Constantly assess the clients airway patency, adequacy of breathing, and circulatory status. |
Communicable disease is? | An infectious disease that can be passed from 1 person to another. |
If a pathogen multiplies and causes clinical signs and symptoms it is termed... | Symptomatic |
If a pathogen multiplies but causes no clinical signs or symptoms it is termed... | Asymptomatic |
Chain of infection includes... | pathogenic microorganism |
Chain of infection includes... | reservoir |
Chain of infection includes... | means of escape/portal of exit |
Chain of infection includes... | mode of transmission |
Chain of infection includes... | means of entry/portal of entry |
Chain of infection includes... | host susceptibility |
What are transient organisms? | organisms that attach to the skin when a person has contact with another person or object during normal activities. |
What is a reservoir? | A place where a pathogen can survive but may or may not multiply. |
Which is an example of a reservoir? | Soiled dressings |