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chapter 4
betty davis second edition
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cell | smallest and most numerous structural unit of living mater |
| cell membrane | cells outer covering |
| nucleus | enclosed within the cell membrane |
| chromosomes | controle the function of cell and repair of cell and reproduction for the body |
| genes | hereditary characteristics |
| cytoplasm | gel like substance containing cell organs called orgnaelles that carry out the essential functions a cell |
| mitochondria | provide energy needed by the cell to carry on its essential functions |
| lysosomes | contains various kinds of enzymes caapable of breaking down all the main components of cells |
| anaplasia | a change in the structure and orientation of cells characterized by a loss of differentiation and reversion to a more primitive form |
| aplasia | a developmental failure resulting in the absence of any organ or tissue |
| dysplasia | any abnormal development of tissues or organs disordered formation |
| hyperplasia | an increase in the number of cells of a body part excessive formation |
| hypoplasia | incomplete or underdeveloped organ or tissue usually the result of a decrease in the number of cells |
| neoplasia | the new and abnormal development of cells that may be benign or malignant |
| supine | lying horizontally on the back face up |
| prone | lying face down on the abdomen |
| supination | a movement that allows the palms of the hands to turn upward or forward |
| pronation | a movement that allows the palms of the hands to turn downward and backward |
| plantar | bottom of foot |
| abdominal cavity | the cavity beneath the thoracic cavity that is separated from the thoracic cavity by the diaphragm contains the liver gallbladder spleen stomach pancreas intestines and kidneys |
| abdominopelvic cavity | a term that describes the abdominal and pelvic cavity collectively refers to the space betwen the diaphragm and the groin |
| anatomical position | the standard reference position for the body as a whole person is standing with arms at the sides and palms turned forward head and feet are also pointing forward |
| anterior | front of the body or toward the belly of the body |
| cardiac muscle | the muscle that makesup the muscular wall of the heart |
| caudal | tail bone |
| cervical vertebrae | the first seven segnents of the spinal column c1-c7 |
| coccyx | tail bone |
| connective tissue | tissue that supports and binds other body tissue and parts |
| cranial | skull or cranium |
| cranial cavity | contains brains |
| cytology | study of cells |
| deep | away from the surface |
| distal | away from or farthest from the trunk of the body or fathest from point of origin of the body |
| dorsal | back |
| dorsum | back posterior surface of a part |
| epigastric region | located between right and left hypochondriac regions in the upper section of the abdomen beneath the cartilage of the ribs |
| epigastric region contains | parts of right and left lobes of the liver and a major portion of the stomach |
| frontal plane | any straight line passing through the body from head to feet dividing body from front to back |
| histologist | a medical scientist who specializes in the study of tissue |
| hypochondriac region | located on the right and left upper abdomen beneath the cartilage of the lower ribs on either side of epigastric region |
| left hypochondriac region contains | small portion of stomach and a portion of the large intestine |
| right hypochondriac region contains | right lobe of the liver and gallbladder |
| hypogastric region | the middle section of the lower abdomen beneath the umbilical region |
| which organs might you find in the hypogastric region | urinary bladder portions of the small intestine and the appendix |
| inferior | below downward towards the tail or feet |
| inguinal region | right or left sides of the abdomen under the lumbar regions |
| what organs might you find in the right inguinal region | portions of small intestine and the cecum |
| what might you find in the left inguinal region | colon and small intestine |
| lateral | toward the side of the body away from the mid-line of the body |
| lumbar region | the right and left regions of the middle section of the abdomen |
| what might you find in right lumbar region | portions of the large and small intestine |
| what might you find in the left lumbar region | part of the colon and portions of the small intestine |
| lumbar vertebrae | the largest and strongest of the vertbrae of the spinal column L1-L5 |
| McBurney's point | a point on the right side of the abdomen about two thirds of the distance between the umbilicus and the anterior bony prominence of the hip |
| medial | toward the mid line f the body |
| mediolateral | middle and side of a structure |
| mid line of the body | the imaginary line that is created when body divided in equal portions |
| midsagittal plane | the plane that divides the body or a structure into right and left equal portions |
| Monro's point | left side of the abdomen about halfway between the umbilicus and the anterior bony prominence of the hip |
| muscle tissue | the tissue that is capable of producing movement of the parts and organs of the body by contraction and relaxing its fibers |
| navel | the umbilicus belly button |
| nervous tissue | tissue that transmits impulses throughout the body thereby activating coordinating and controlling the any functions of the body |
| organ | tissues that are arranged together to perform a special function |
| pelvic cavity | the lower front cavity of the body |
| what might you find in the pelvic cavity | urinary bladder and reproductive organs |
| peritoneum | a specific serous membrane that covers the entire abdominal wall of the body and is refecter over the contained viscera |
| plane | imaginary slices and cuts throughout the body |
| posterior | back of body |
| proximal | toward or nearest to the trunk of the body or nearest to the point of origin of the body part |
| ribosomes | cell organs or organelles that synthesize proteins often called the cells protein factories |
| sacrum | the singular triangluar shaped bone that results from the fusion of th five individual sacral bones of the child also known as the tailbone |
| skeletal muscle | muscle that is attached to bone and is responsible for the movement of skeleton |
| smooth muscle | muscle that is found in the walls of the hollow internal organs of the body such as the stomach and intestines |
| spinal cavity | the cavity that contains the nerves of spinal cord |
| superficial | surface of the body |
| superior | a movement that allows the palms of the hands to turn upward or forward |
| system | organs that work together to perform the many function |
| thoracic cav | the second segment of vertebrae that make up the vertebrae T1-T12 |
| transverse plane | cuuing across the body dividing the body in to upper and lower portions |
| umbilicus | the region of the abdoomen located in the middle section of the abdomen between the right and left lumbar regions directly beneath the epigastric region |
| ventral | pertaining to the front belly side |
| visceral | pertaining to the internal organs |
| visceral muscle | the muscle that is found in the walls of the hollow internal organs of the body such as the stomach and intestines |
| what organs might you find in the umbilicus region | portion of the transverse colon and portions of the small intestine |
| plaural forum for diagnosis | diagnoses |
| plaural forum for ganglion | ganglia |
| plaural forum for bateria | bacterium |
| oid | resembling |
| pain | dynia |
| bloody nose | rhinorrhegia |
| plaural forum of thrumbus | thrombi |
| uria | urine suffix |
| blood condition | emia |
| iner linning of cervic | endocervical |
| chronic dry skin | xeroderma |
Created by:
rose phillips
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