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KrislynnPharm exam 6

Pharmacology exam #6

QuestionAnswer
Topical Corticosteriod: Use Exerts localized anti-inflammatory activity to reduce itching, redness, and swelling.
Topical Corticosteroid: Adverse Reaction Localized reaction; burning, itching, irritation, redness, dryness of the skin, allergic contact dermatitis, and secondary infection.
Topical Corticosteroid: How to apply Area washed with soap and warm water prior to application, usually applied sparingly, area can be left exposed or covered w/a dressing. Apply 1-4x daily according to directions.
Topical Corticosteroids: name of drugs Dexamethasone, Fluocinonide, Hydrocortisone, Triamcinolone.
Administration of ophthalmic solutions Use warm solution, administer w/pt supine or sitting up w/head back, have pt look up, place drop in conjunctival sac, have pt blink to distribute the medication
Administration of otic solutions Position pt w/affected side up, straighten ear canal up and back on adult, children under 3 pull down and back, warm solution slightly, Mineral oil is sometimes used in advance to sofen wax prior to irrigating, instill drops into the ear canal.
Collagenase(santyl) for debriding chronic dermal ulcers and severely burned areas; apply daily. Apply ONLY to affected tissue and not to healthy tissue.
Pyridium A dye that exers a topical analgesic effect on the lining of the urinary tract. Caused red-orange discoloration of the urine. cause yellowing of the skin and sclera. Give after meals to prevent GI upset.
Topical Antivirals: Uses Used to inhibit viral activity. Initial episodes of herpes simplex virus (prodromal phase.)
Topical antivirals: Application Directly on lesions to speed up recovery
Topical Antivirals: Medications Acyclovir (Zovirax), Docosanol (Abreva- for cold sores, Speeds up healing.)
Administration of antacids They do not coat the stomach lining. Beause of possibiliy of an antacid interfering with the activity of other oral drugs, no oral drug should be admin w/in 1-2 hours of an antacid.
Antiemetics: Uses Used to treat and prevent nausea and vomiting
Antiemetics: Adverse Reactions Most common is drowsiness.
Antiemetics: Drugs Chlorpromazine, Prochlorperazine, Promethazine, Scopolamine
Stool Softeners: Uses Promote water retention in the fecal mass and soften the stool to prevent straining
Stool Softeners: Administration Give with a full glass of water
Stool softeners: Drugs Docusate (DDS), Colace, Surfac.
Administration of antidiarrheals Ordered to be given after each loose bowel movement up to 6 times/day. Nurse needs to inspect each bowel movement before making a decision to administer the drug. (Becomes formed don't give again)
Allopurinol (Zyloprim): Uses Reduces production of uric acid, decreases serum uric acid levels and deposit of urate crystals in joints.
Allopurinol (Zyloprim): Adverse Reactions may result in skin rash which may precede a serious adverse reaction, such as Stevens Johnson syndrome. REPORT ANY RASH TO THE DOCTOR. Skin loss from rash may lead to dehydration, infection or death.
Administration of bone resorption inhibitors Serum calcium levels monitored before, during & after therapy. Supp calcium & vitamin D if dietary intake inadequate. instruct pt to take drug upon arising in A.M. w/6-8oz water while pt in upright position. Remain upright for 30mins after taking med.
Bone Resorption -Alendronate(Fosomax) instructions Daily or weekly doses. Contraindicated pts w/hypocalcemia.
Bone Resorption -Etidronate(Didronel) instructions Not taken w/in 2 hrs of food, vitamin and mineral supplements, or antacids. Taken once a day.
Bone Resorption -Ibandronate(Boniva) instructions Daily and monthly oral dosing available. IV admin for dose once every 3 months.
Bone Resorption -Risedronate(Actonel) instructions Contraindicated in pts with hypocalcemia. Taken orally in daily or weekly doses.
Bone Resorption -Zoledronic acid(Zometa, Reclast) instructions Zometa-Given IV every 3-4 wks, given for hypercalcemia associated w/cancer. Reclast-given IV once a year for postmenopausal osteoporosis, and Paget's disease.
Created by: krislynn
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