Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Pharmacology
Unit 10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Aspirin | Salicylates |
| Salicylates: Actions | -Inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandins -Blocks effects of pyrogens at the hypothalamus -Inhibits platelet aggregation by blocking thromboxane A2 |
| Salicylates: Indications | -Treat inflammatory conditions -Reduce fever and relieve pain |
| Salicylates: Contraindications & Cautions | -Allergy -Bleeding abnormalities -Impaired renal function -Caution: Don't use it if you don't need it |
| Salicylates:Adverse Effects | -N,V -Heartburn -Epigastric discomfort -Occult blood loss -Dizziness -Tinnitus -Acidosis |
| Salicylates:Nursing Considerations | -Monitor:petechiae,bleeding gums,GI bleeding;CBC,platelets, PTT;Auditory function;If aspirin sensitive,bronchospasm; Therapeutic range=10-30mg/dl -Teaching:Other OTC contain aspirin, avoid alcohol,take w/food,milk,water to D GI upset,Stop 5-7d b/f surger |
| Ibuprofen | NSAIDs |
| Naproxen | NSAIDs |
| NSAIDs: Actions, Non-Selective | -Inhibit prostaglandin synthesis by blocking COX-1 and COX-2 and cyclooxygenase activity -COX-1 (maintain stomach lining) -COX-2 (mediate inflammatory response) |
| NSAIDs: Actions, Selective | -Block COX-2 enzymes so inhibit prostaglandin synthesis -Fewer GI side effects |
| NSAIDs: Indications | -Used to decrease inflammation (not fever) -Rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis -Dysmenorrhea, migraines -Bursitis, tendonitis ] -Mild to moderate pain |
| NSAIDs: Contraindications | -Allergy to sulfonamides -CV dysfunction, hypertension -Peptic ulcer, GI bleeding -Renal,hepatic dysfunction |
| NSAIDs: Adverse Effects | -HA,N,C -Dizziness -Somnolence -Fatigue -Rash -Dyspepsia -Bleeding |
| NSAIDs: Drug-Drug | -Affect NSAID: fluconzole, phenobarbital,rifampin, ritonavir -NSAID affect: anticoagulants, aminoglycosides,ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, digoxin, dilantin |
| NSAIDs: Nursing Considerations | -May take 1-4wks to achieve full effect -May mask signs of infection -Take w/full glass water so reaches stomach -Take w/meals or milk if GI response -Use protection when exposed to sun -Dosing:6-12-6-12 (around the clock) |
| Celecoxib | -Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor -Treatment of arthritis in adults -Involved in a study concerning CV dysfunction correlating to dosage |
| Acetaminophen | -Tylenol -Related Agent |
| Acetaminophen:Actions | -Action on hypothalamus to cause vasodilation and sweating -Reduce fever -Mechanism of analgesic isn't fully understood |
| Acetaminophen: Indications | -Pain,fever,influenza,HA -Prophylaxis for children receiving TDaP -Musculoskeletal pain associated w/arthritis -Not affect platelet function or inflammation -Absorbed well rectally |
| Acetaminophen:Contraindication | -Allergy -Pregnancy,Lactation -Hepatic dysfunction -Chronic alcoholism |
| Acetaminophen: Adverse Effects | -Rash -Fever -Chest pain -Liver toxicity and failure -Bone marrow suppression |
| Acetaminophen: Drug-Drug | -Anticoagulants (increase bleeding) -Liver toxicity (barbiturates, carbamazepine, isoniazid, phenytoin, alcohol) -Decrease effects of lamotrigine, loop diuretics, zidovudine |
| Acetaminophen: Nursing Considerations | -Check label and dosage carefully (Drops 80 mg/ml; Elixir 120mg/ml) -Consult HCP if child <2 -Don't use if temp >103 or >3 days -Watch intake: hepatoxic |
| Autothioglucose | -Gold compounds |
| Gold compounds: Actions | -Taken up by macrophages, inhibits phagocytosis and release of lysosomal enzymes that cause damage associated w/inflammation |
| Gold compounds:Indications | -Treatment of selected cases of adult and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis -Most effective in early stage of disease |
| Gold compounds: Contraindications | -Diabetes -CHF -Renal or hepatic impairment -Allergy to gold; exposure to heavy metals -Pregnancy (prevent w/barrier contraceptive) |
| Gold compounds: Adverse Effects | -N,V -Dermatitis (bad rashes) -Stomatitis -Anemia -Interstitial pneumonitis -Acute tubular necrosis |
| Gold compounds: Drug-Drug | -Penicillamine -Antimalarials -Cytotoxic drugs -Immunosuppressive agents |
| Interferon Alfa-2b | -Interferon (Immune stimulant) |
| Interferon: Actions | -Naturally released in response to viral invasion -Prevent virus particles from replicating inside other cells -Stimulate interferon receptor sites on non invaded cells to produce antiviral proteins -Inhibit tumor growth and replication |
| Interferon: Indications | -Leukemia -Malignant melanoma -AIDS related kaposi sarcoma -Chronic Hepatitis B and C |
| Interferon: Contraindications and Cautions | -Cardiac disease -Bone marrow suppression -CNS dysfunction -Concurrent use of live viral vaccines -CNS depressants |
| Interferon: Adverse effects | -N -Dizziness -Confusion -Rash, Dry skin -Anorexia -Bone marrow suppression -Difficulty breathing -Edema -Leukopenia -Neutropenia -Thrombocytopenia -Anemia |
| Interferon:Nursing Considerations | -Check for allergy to phenol -Teaching:Monitor temp,Premedicate w/acetaminophen,Give @ bedtime,Give SQ instead of IM if low platelets, dispose of syringes safely, keep hydrated, good oral hygiene, frequent blood tests,causes hair loss |
| Aldesleukin | Interleukin |
| Interleukin: Actions | -Activates human cellular immunity and inhibits tumor growth through increases in lymphocytes,platelets,and cytokiens |
| Interleukin: Indications | -Renal carcinomas -Possible treatment AIDS -AIDS related disorders |
| Interleukin:Adverse Effects | -Mental status changes -Dizziness -Hypotension -Arrhythmias -Pruitus -N,V,D -Anorexia -GI bleeding -Bone marrow suppression -Resp Difficulties -Fever,chills,pain |
| Interleukin: Nursing Considerations | -Start on an inpatient setting, they can become very sick |
| Cyclosporine | -T and B cell Suppressors |
| T and B cell Suppressors: Actions | -Reversibly inhibits immunocompetent lymphocytes -Inhibits T helper cells and T suppressor cells -Lymphokine production -Release of interleukin-2 and T-cell growth factor |
| T and B cell Suppressors: Indications | -Suppression of rejection in transplants -Rheumatoid arthritis -Psoriasis |
| T and B cell Suppressors: Contraindications and Cautions | -CNS disease -Hepatic disease -Pregnancy -Increased risk for infection and neoplasms -Hepatic and renal toxicity -Pulmonary edema |
| T and B cell Suppressors: Adverse Effects | -Tremor -Hypertension -Gum hyperplasia -Renal dysfunction -D,N,V -Hirsutism -Acne -Bone marrow suppression -Infection -Kidney and Liver toxicity -Hyperkalemia |
| Muromonab-CD3 | -Monoclonal Antibodies |
| Monoclonal Antibodies: Actions | -Monoclonal antibody to the antigen of human T cells -Functions as an immunosuppressant by enabling T cells |
| Monoclonal Antibodies: Indications | -Treatment of acute allograft rejection in renal transplant patients -Treatment of steroid-resistant acute allograph rejection in cardiac and hepatic transplant patients |
| Monoclonal Antibodies: Adverse Effects | -Malaise -Tremors -V,N,D -Acute pulmonary edema -Dyspnea -Fever,chills -Increase susceptibility to infection |
| Monoclonal Antibodies: Nursing Considerations | -Multimode monitoring: Organ rejection -Injections:Fever, sore throat, malaise; WBC <3000mm -Blood dyscrasia (side effect) hemoglobin and hematocrit, platelets <100,000mm |
| Vaccinations: Indications | -Stimulate active immunity in people at risk of getting disease -Depends on exposure to pathogen -Provide life-long immunity |
| Vaccinations: Contraindications | -Immune deficiency -Immune suppression -Acute infection -Pregnancy -Allergic to components of vaccine -Taking immune globulin -Blood or blood products within last 3 months |
| Vaccinations: Cautions | -Hx of febrile convulsions or cerebral injury -Conditions for which high fever is dangerous |
| Vaccinations: Side effects | -Malaise -Fretfulness -Irritability -Drowsiness -Fever -Rash -Chills -Anorexia -Vomiting Site: pain,redness,swelling,nodule |
| Vaccinations: Nursing Considerations | -Have emergency supplies available (epinephrine) -For discomfort (aspirin for adults,acetaminophen for children, warm for moist heat to injection sites) -Promote completion of series (explain rationale,invite ?s, discuss sched,provide documentation) |
| Diptheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine,absorbed | -Immunization of children against diptheria,tetanus,and pertussis as the fourth and fifth doses of the immunization series -Booster for adolescents and adults |
| Hepatitis B vaccine | Immunization against hepatitis B infections in susceptible people and in infants born w/ mothers with hepatitis B |
| Measles,Mumps,Rubella Vaccine | Immunization against measles,mumps,and rubella in adults and children > 15 mo of age |
| Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated | -Immunization against polio infections in adults and children |
| Varicella Virus vaccine | Immunization against chickenpox infections in adults and children > or = mo of age |
| Immune Globulin, Intramuscular | -Immune Sera |
| Immune Sera: Actions | -Provides preformed antibodies to hepatitis A, measles, varicella,rubella,and perhaps other antigens providing a passive short-term immunity |
| Immune Sera: Indications | -Prophylaxis against hepatitis A, measles,varicella,rubella -Prophylaxis for patients with immunoglobulin deficiency |
| Immune Sera:Contraindications and Cautions | -Hx or reaction to immune sera (may have produced antibodies and may trigger an anaphylactic reaction) -Coagulation defects -Previous exposure to the immune sera |
| Immune Sera: Adverse Reaction | Allergic Reaction -Chest tightness -Decreased BP -Difficult breathing Local reaction:swelling,tenderness,pain @ injection, muscle stiffness |
| Immune Sera: Nursing Considerations | -Check for allergies -Comfort measures: acetaminophen,rest,heat to injection site |
| Antiglobulin D (RhoGam) | -For Rh- mother who isn't sensitized -Prophylaxis at 24-28 wks -If baby Rh+ give within 72h of birth -If baby Rh- no action needed |
Created by:
prettyinpink7
Popular Nursing sets